{"doc_desc":{"title":"MEX_2016_ENIGH_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS","idno":"DDI_MEX_2016_ENIGH_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS_FAO","producers":[{"name":"National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda)","abbreviation":"INEGI"},{"name":"General Directorate of Sociodemographic Statistics (Direcci\u00f3n General de Estad\u00edsticas Sociodemogr\u00e1ficas)","abbreviation":"DGES"},{"name":"Deputy Directorate General of Sociodemographic Surveys and Administrative Records (Direcci\u00f3n General Adjunta de Encuestas Sociodemogr\u00e1ficas y Registros Administrativos)","abbreviation":"DGAESRA"},{"name":"Regular Household Surveys Directorate (Direcci\u00f3n de Encuestas Regulares en Hogares)"},{"name":"Income and Expenditure Survey Subdirectorate (Subdirecci\u00f3n de Encuestas de Ingresos y Gastos)","role":"Survey documentation and metadata review"},{"name":"Statistics Division","affiliation":"Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations","role":"Metadata adapted for FAM"}]},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"MEX_2016_ENIGH_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS","title":"National Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2016, New series","alt_title":"ENIGH 2016","translated_title":"Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares 2016, Nueva serie"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda)"}],"production_statement":{"funding_agencies":[{"name":"National Institute of Statistics and Geography (Instituto Nacional de Estad\u00edstica y Geograf\u00eda)","abbreviation":"INEGI"}]},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"User Service","affiliation":"INEGI","email":"atencion.usuarios@inegi.org.mx","uri":"http:\/\/www.inegi.org.mx\/inegi\/contacto\/default.aspx"}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Survey","series_info":"Background: The ENIGH has its antecedents from 1956 and 1958 when the General Directorate of Statistics (DGE), then under the Ministry of Industry and Commerce (SIC), carried out the survey Income and Expenditure of the Population in Mexico, and in 1960 The 16 Cities of the Mexican Republic, Family Income and Expenditure. For its part, for the years 1963 and 1968, the Bank of Mexico carried out the survey on Family Income and Expenditure.\n\nIn the period 1969-1970, the DGE-SIC again carried out the Income and Expenditure Survey of the Mexican Republic. Subsequently, in 1975, the Ministry of Labor and Social Welfare (STPS) carried out a so-called Family Income and Expenses. In 1977, the DGE, as part of the Secretariat of Programming and Budget (SPP), developed the National Household Income-Expenditure Survey, a work that constituted the immediate antecedent of the surveys carried out by the DGE-INEGI for the periods: 1984, 1989, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014 and 2016."},"study_info":{"keywords":[{"keyword":"Income"},{"keyword":"Expenditure"},{"keyword":"Households"}],"topics":[{"topic":"Household income"},{"topic":"Household expenditures"},{"topic":"Distribution of income"},{"topic":"In-kind income"},{"topic":"Transfers of income received and paid"},{"topic":"Income or measures based on poverty expenditures"},{"topic":"Consumer protection"},{"topic":"Consumption patterns"},{"topic":"Consumer durables"},{"topic":"Household wealth"}],"abstract":"The National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure (ENIGH) aims to provide a statistical overview of the behavior of household income and expenditure in terms of its amount, origin and distribution. In addition, it offers information on the occupational and sociodemographic characteristics of the members of the household, as well as the characteristics of the housing infrastructure and household equipment.\n\nThe ENIGH is part of the Information System of National Interest (IIN), which means that the results obtained from this project are mandatory for the Federation, the states and the municipalities, in order to contribute to national development.\n\nIn 1984, a trend began to broaden the objectives and homogenize the methodology, taking into account international recommendations and the information requirements of the different users, taking care of historical comparability.\n\nPeriodicity: Since 1992 it has been carried out biennially (every two years) with the exception of 2005 when an extraordinary survey was carried out.\n\nTarget population: It is made up of the households of nationals or foreigners, who usually reside in private homes within the national territory.\n\nSelection Unit: Private home. The dwellings are chosen through a meticulous statistical process that guarantees that the results obtained from only a part of the population (sample) can be generalized to the total.\n\nSampling Frame: INEGI's multi-purpose framework is made up of demographic and cartographic information obtained from the 2010 Population and Housing Census.\n\nObservation unit: The home.\n\nUnit of analysis: The household, the dwelling and the members of the household.\n\nThematic coverage:\n\nCharacteristics of the house.\nResidents and identification of households in the dwelling.\nSociodemographic characteristics of the residents of the dwelling.\nHome equipment, services.\nActivity condition and occupational characteristics of household members aged 12 and over.\nTotal current income (monetary and non-monetary) of households.\nFinancial and capital perceptions of households and their members.\nCurrent monetary expenditure of households.\nFinancial and capital expenditures of households.\n\nThe different concepts of the ENIGH are governed by recommendations agreed upon in international conventions, for example:\n\nThe resolutions and reports of the 18 International Conferences on Labour Statistics, of the International Labour Organization (ILO).\n\nThe final report and recommendations of the Canberra Group, an expert group on \"Household Income Statistics\".\n\nManual of Household Surveys. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs, Bureau of Statistics. United Nations, New York, 1987.\n\nThey are also articulated with the CNational Accounts and with the Household Surveys carried out by the INEGI.\n\nSample size: At the national level, including the ten-one, there are 93,186 private homes.\n\nSurvey period: The collection of information will take place between August 11 and November 18 of this year. Throughout this period, ten cuts are made, each organized in ten days; Therefore, each of these cuts will be known as tens (see calendar in the annex).\n\nWorkload: According to the meticulousness in the recording of information in this project, a load of six interviews in private homes per dozen has been defined for each interviewer. The number of interviews may decrease or increase according to several factors: non-response, recovery from non-response, or additional households.","coll_dates":[{"start":"2016-06-13","end":"2016-08-10","cycle":"Training"},{"start":"2016-08-21","end":"2016-11-28","cycle":" Survey"},{"start":"2016-08-21","end":"2016-12-30","cycle":"Capture and validation"},{"start":"2017-01-02","end":"2017-08-18","cycle":"Database Exploitation"},{"start":"2017-08-28","end":"2017-08-28","cycle":"Publication of results"}],"nation":[{"name":"Mexico","abbreviation":"Mex"}],"geog_coverage":"National and at the level of the federal entity.\n\n- Urban area: localities with 2,500 or more inhabitants\n- Rural area: localities with less than 2,500 inhabitants","analysis_unit":"The Home, the Dwelling, and the Members of the Household","universe":"The survey is aimed at households in the national territory.","data_kind":"Probabilistic household survey","notes":"Daily Expense Booklet\nSection 1.1 Food, Beverages and Tobacco\nSection 1.2 Public Transportation\nSection II. Monthly Estimate\n\nHousehold Expenditure Questionnaire\nSection I. Monthly Expenditure\nSection II. Quarterly Expenditure\nSection III. Semi-Annual Expenditure\n\nHousehold and Housing Questionnaire\nSection I. Characteristics of the Dwelling\nSection II. Residents and Identification of Households in the Dwelling\nSection III. Sociodemographic Characteristics\nSection IV. Access to Food\nSection V. Household Equipment\nSection VI. Transfer Time to the Hospital\n\nQuestionnaire for Persons 12 Years of Age or Older\nSection I. Occupation Status of Household Members Aged 12 Years and Older\nSection II. Characteristics and Income of the Main Job for Subordinates\nSection III. Characteristics and Income from the Main Job for Self-Employed Persons\nSection IV. Characteristics and Income from Secondary Work\nSection V. Income from other Work for the Past Month\nSection VI. Income from Work Performed Prior to Last Month\nSection VII. Unearned Income\nSection VIII. Social Networks\nSection IX. Use of Time\nSection X. Health\n\nQuestionnaire for Persons Under 12 Years of Age\nSection I. Income of Household Members Under 12 Years of Age\nSection II. Access to Health Care for Household Members Under 12 Years of Age\n\nHome Business Questionnaire\nCharacteristics and Income of Household Businesses\nFormat A) Industrial, Commercial and Service Businesses\nFormat B) Agricultural Businesses\nFormat C) Animal Breeding, Exploitation and By-Product Businesses\nFormat D) Logging, Forest Harvesting and Product Harvesting Businesses\nFormat E) Hunting and Trapping Businesses\nFormat F) Fishing Business"},"method":{"data_collection":{"sampling_procedure":"The design of the exhibition for ENIGH-2016 is characterized by being probabilistic; Consequently, the results obtained from the survey are generalized to the entire population. At the same time, the design is two-stage, stratified and by conglomerates, where the ultimate unit of selection is the dwelling and the unit of observation is the home.\n\nFor the selection of the sample, the National Housing Framework 2012 of the INEGI was used, built from the cartographic and demographic information obtained from the 2010 Population and Housing Census.\n\nThis sample is a master sample from which the subsamples are selected for all the housing surveys carried out by INEGI; its design is probabilistic, stratified, single-stage and clustered; The latter are also considered primary sampling units, since it is in them that the dwellings that make up the samples of the different surveys are selected, in a second stage. The master sample is constructed as follows:\n\nFormation of the primary sampling units (UPM)\n\nFirst, the set of UPMs that will cover the national territory is constructed.\n\nThe primary sampling units are made up of groups of dwellings with differentiated characteristics depending on the area to which they belong, as specified below:\n\na) In high urban areas \n\nThe minimum size of a UPM is 80 inhabited dwellings and the maximum is 160. They can be made up of:\n\n\u2022 A block.\n\u2022 The union of two or more contiguous blocks of the same AGEB.\n\u2022 The union of two or more contiguous blocks of different AGEBs in the same locality.\n\u2022 The union of two or more contiguous blocks from different localities, which belong to the same size of locality.\n\nb) In urban complement: \n\nThe minimum size of a UPM is 160 inhabited dwellings and the maximum is 300. They can be made up of:\n\n\u2022 A block.\n\u2022 The union of two or more contiguous blocks of the same AGEB.\n\u2022 The union of two or more contiguous blocks of different AGEBs in the same locality.\n\u2022 The union of two or more contiguous blocks from different AGEBs and localities, but from the same municipality.\n\nc) In rural areas: \n\nThe minimum size of a UPM is 160 inhabited dwellings and the maximum is 300. They can be made up of:\n\n\u2022 An AGEB.\n\u2022 Part of an AGEB.\n\u2022 The union of two or more adjoining AGEBs in the same municipality.\n\u2022 The union of an AGEB with a part of another adjoining AGEB in the same municipality.\n\nThe total number of UPMs formed was 245,279.\n\nStratification\n\nOnce the set of PUs has been constructed, those with similar characteristics are grouped, that is, they are stratified.\n\nThe political division of the country and the formation of localities differentiated by their size, naturally form a geographical stratification.\n\nIn each state, three areas are distinguished, divided in turn into Areas.\n\nHigh urban, Zone 01 to 09, Cities with 100,000 or more inhabitants.\n\nUrban complement, Zone 25, 35, 45 and 55, From 50,000 to 99,999 inhabitants, 15,000 to 49,999 inhabitants, 5,000 to 14,999 inhabitants, 2,500 to 4,999 inhabitants.\n\nRural, Zone 60, Localities with less than 2,500 inhabitants.\n\nAt the same time, four sociodemographic strata were formed in which all the UPMs in the country were grouped, this stratification considers the sociodemographic characteristics of the inhabitants of the dwellings, as well as the physical characteristics and equipment of the same, expressed through 34 indicators built with information from the 2010 Population and Housing Census*, for which multivariate statistical methods were used.\n\nIn this way, each PSU was classified into a single geographical and a sociodemographic stratum.\n\nAs a result, there are a total of 683 strata throughout the country.\n\nSelection of the UPMs of the master sample\nThe UPMs of the master sample were selected by means of a sampling with probability proportional to the size.\n\nSample size \n\nFor the calculation of the sample size of the ENIGH-2016, an estimate of the mean for the variable of quarterly current income per household was considered.","sampling_deviation":"As a result of the sum of the 81,515 homes selected and 1,203 additional households that were found in those homes, the total amounted to 82,718 households.","coll_mode":["Face-to-face [f2f]"],"research_instrument":"Six collection instruments will be used for the collection of information in each household, four of which concentrate information on the household as a whole.\n\nThese are:\n- Household and housing questionnaire \n- Household expenditure questionnaires \n- Daily expenditure booklet \n\nIn the other three, individual information is recorded for people\n- Questionnaire for people aged 12 and over\n- Questionnaire for people under 12 years of age \n- Questionnaire for household businesses","coll_situation":"The offices are responsible for carrying out and specifying the operations, where the following processes are carried out:\nInformation gathering, supervision, capture and validation of information.\n\nTo meet the requirements of the conceptual framework designed for the ENIGH 2016, the collection of information was scheduled in nine surveys, each of them organized in ten days. The survey was carried out from August 21 to November 28, 2016. It should be clarified that there were also two complementary activities. One of them had a verification from August 3 to 10, in which a complete rehearsal of the survey was carried out. The other activity consisted of the implementation of a dozen recovery questionnaires, from November 19 to 28, which served to recover questionnaires with no response and lift the workloads that had been pending in previous decades.\n\nActivities during the survey\n\nEach decade is made up of ten days, where specific activities were defined for each day for the collection of information:\n\nOn the first day of the ten, initial contact is established with the head of the household, the housewife or with a person over 18 years of age, explaining the objectives of the survey; the information from the Household and Housing Questionnaire is collected; It is probed who is the person or persons who make the purchases of food, beverages and tobacco for the consumption of the household as a whole. And this person or persons are trained in filling out the Daily Expenses Booklet, and it is explained to the informant that people aged 12 or over will be interviewed personally, asking for the times at which they can be reached and making appointments with each of them.\nThe second day of the home visit is dedicated to asking about the other expenses in the Household Expenditure Questionnaire, probing which members of the household make personal expenses or the payment of some service or other expenses for the household as a whole.\nFrom the third to the seventh day of the ten, the information of all the members of the household is captured in the following order: first, the information from the Questionnaire for people aged 12 or over and the Business Questionnaire is collected and asked about the expenses that this person makes personally or for the household. to make the corresponding record in the Expenditure Questionnaire. If the informant knows the information of children under 12 years of age, these interviews are distributed on the rest of the days. Every day the information recorded in the Daily Expenses Booklet is reviewed and if there are problems in the record, the informant is surveyed.\nOn the sixth day of the ten, request the monthly estimate corresponding to section II Expenditure on food, beverages and tobacco for the household or to give to people outside the household, public transport, social programs and finally shopping habits, all this is noted in the Daily Expenses Booklet.\nOn the seventh day of the ten, the Daily Expenses Booklet is collected, once the interviews are finished, the workloads are delivered to the Supervisor; who in turn delivers them to the Chief Supervisor.\nOn the eighth day, the general meeting is held with the field teams and doubts from the previous ten are clarified; The Chief ofe Supervisors deliver to the REP the workloads of the previous ten and receive the loads of the next ten, to deliver them to the Supervisor.\n\nControl of the sample\n\nTo facilitate the control of the sample, each household was assigned a unique identification number at the national level that is made up of two folios: the first is the FOLIOVIV which is made up of 10 digits and identifies the dwelling, and the second is the FOLIOHOG which is 1 digit and identifies the number of households in the dwelling:\n\nFOLIOVIV\n\n\u2022 The first 7 digits are made up of the UPM number.\n\u2022 The eighth digit indicates the ten digits in which the information was scheduled to be collected.\n\u2022 The ninth and tenth digits correspond to a consecutive number of the home.\n\nFOLIOHOG\n\n\u2022 This digit indicates the number of households that live in the house.\n\nHousehold 1 is the one initially interviewed, which answers the housing section. When more than one household was found in the same household, these other households were also interviewed. For them, the number of FOLIOVIV coincides with the FOLIOVIV of the initially interviewed household, differentiating in the FOLIOHOG which can be from 2 to 5, depending on the number of households that have been found.\n\nWorkloads\n\nIt was determined that in the ENIGH 2016 the workload per interviewer was six interviews per ten, and the Supervisors had an average of three interviewers under their supervision.","cleaning_operations":"Capture activities \n\nThe capture consisted of transferring the information from the questionnaires that were fully answered to electronic means through IKTAN, in accordance with the procedures established for the capture process of the ENIGH 2016.\n\nThe Person in Charge of Capture and Validation, together with his work team, began the capture of the questionnaires collected by each Interviewer, organized by packages of questionnaires of each page with the result of a complete interview, following the established order:\n\n\u2022 Household and housing questionnaire.\n\u2022 Questionnaires for people under 12 years of age.\n\u2022 Questionnaires for people aged 12 and over.\n\u2022 Questionnaires for home businesses.\n\u2022 Household expenditure questionnaire.\n\u2022 Daily expenses booklet.\n\nIn addition, the IKTAN made it possible to record and know the progress or conclusion of workloads.\n\nValidation activities \n\nIn parallel to the capture, the state coordination began the validation of the sheets with complete capture, which complied with the verification of valid ranges. The validation consisted of the application of the validation criteria through the Analyst and ISE processes, with the aim of purifying the data of possible capture errors, inconsistencies and omissions, before releasing them and storing them in the validation database.\n\nIntegration and validation of the capture database in central offices \n\nOnce the information capture and verification stage is completed, the capture database is integrated. This database was built during the capture and validation process, as IKTAN deposited the validated information directly into the database. Subsequently, general validation criteria are applied in order to purge the files of inconsistencies and omissions between the different tables of the database. Along with this activity, a database of interview results and the number of members of the households who had a complete interview is generated to send it to the geostatistical frameworks area that is responsible for generating the expansion factors, corrected for non-response.\n\nCreation of an exploitation database and generation of tabulations\n\nFrom the database resulting from the validation process, an exploitation database is generated that contains standardized information for the quarter as well as the derived variables according to the objectives of the survey. Key frequencies and a concentrate of control figures are also obtained to ensure that the file is free of errors and inconsistencies. Comparisons are made with other sources and previous surveys of the survey. Once this last stage of information analysis has been carried out, then the tabulations that make up the different publications generated by the ENIGH are generated."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"Data at the national level show that in 85.00% of the cases the result of a complete interview was obtained, of which 56.00% corresponded to an interview conducted with a direct informant; 19.25% to interviews with an indirect informant; 6.66% to an interview conducted in another ten with a direct informant and 3.08% to an interview conducted in another ten with an indirect informant.\n\nThe non-response totaled 15.00%, highlighting the type A non-response that refers to inhabited homes; type B that are uninhabited homes and type C that are homes outside the sample frame, with a share of 7.78%, 6.52% and 0.70% respectively.","sampling_error_estimates":"For the evaluation of the sampling errors of the main estimates, the \"Ultimate Clusters\" method was used, based on the fact that the greatest contribution to the variance of an estimator, in a multistage design, is that which occurs between the primary sampling units (PUs), the term \"Ultimate Clusters\" is used to denote the total sample units of a primary sampling unit."}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Article 37 of the Law on the National System of Statistical and Geographic Information establishes that the data provided for statistical purposes by the System Informants to the Units in terms of this Law shall be strictly confidential and under no circumstances may they be used for any purpose other than statistical. The Institute shall not provide any person with the data referred to in this article for fiscal, judicial, administrative or any other type of purposes.","required":"yes"}],"cit_req":"Source: INEGI. National Survey of Household Income and Expenditure 2016. ENIGH New series. Database.","conditions":"Public use.","disclaimer":"The use of the information contained in this document implies acceptance of the following conditions of use:\n\n1. The National Institute of Statistics and Geography, hereinafter \"INEGI\", has always given the greatest importance to disseminating quality information, adhering to the best methodologies, which is why it has created this Internet site to facilitate users' access to statistical and geographic information.\n\n2. The data contained here come from multiple sources. INEGI makes this material available to users on an individual basis, as an end-user license. Any commercialization of this right of access is therefore prohibited. INEGI reserves the right to modify these license conditions for the information at any time and without prior notice.\n\n3. The use of the information presented is authorized, provided that the source is cited: \"Source: Microdata of the ENIGH, INEGI.\", in order to allow third parties to verify such information.\n\n4. The data appearing on this site has been entered following strict quality control procedures. Likewise, INEGI presents the information with the greatest possible opportunity, notwithstanding the above, INEGI does not assume any legal or any other responsibility for the accuracy, timeliness, content or use of the same by third parties.\n\n5. This document contains security measures to protect the information from any alteration made by third parties, however, INEGI does not assume any responsibility for the alteration or manipulation of the data once placed in it.\n\n6. INEGI does not guarantee the operation of the communications network and therefore does not assume any responsibility for the availability of this document.\n\n7. This document provides links to other national and international organizations. However, INEGI does not assume any type of responsibility for the content, or for the use of these sites.\n\n8. The laws, regulations and other provisions that appear on this site do not create rights or establish obligations different from those contained in the provisions published in the Official Gazette of the Federation.\n\n9. INEGI will not be responsible for the interpretation and application that the user makes of the results obtained through the use of the information; therefore, any decision based on its interpretation excludes INEGI from any responsibility. Likewise, INEGI will not be responsible for differences obtained due to precisions, rounding or numerical truncations, as well as for technical or technological changes that may affect such results.\n\nIt is the responsibility of the user to interpret and apply the results of the information in all its variants, as well as those related to the operation, supervision and control of the same.\nINEGI"}}},"schematype":"survey"}