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    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>
          LBR_2024_WEN_v1
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        <IDNo>
          DDI_LBR_2024_WEN_v01_M_v01_A_ESS_FAO
        </IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="LISGIS" affiliation="Government of Republic of Liberia" role="Documentation of the study">
          Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services
        </producer>
        <producer abbr="MoA" affiliation="Government of Republic of Liberia" role="Documentation of the study">
          Ministry of Agriculture
        </producer>
        <producer abbr="FAO" affiliation="United Nations" role="Documentation of the study">
          Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
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        <producer/>
        <software version="4.0.10" date="2018-05-02">
          Nesstar Publisher
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      <verStmt>
        <version>
          Version 1.0 (February 2026). This is the first version of the DDI document for LIB-WEN 2024.
        </version>
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    </citation>
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  <stdyDscr>
    <citation>
      <titlStmt>
        <titl>
          Women’s Empowerment and Nutrition (WEN) Survey 2024.
        </titl>
        <altTitl>
          WEN 2024
        </altTitl>
        <IDNo>
          LBR_2024_WEN_v01_M_v01_A_ESS
        </IDNo>
      </titlStmt>
      <rspStmt>
        <AuthEnty>
          Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services
        </AuthEnty>
        <AuthEnty>
          Ministry of Agriculture
        </AuthEnty>
      </rspStmt>
      <prodStmt>
        <producer abbr="FAO" affiliation="United Nations" role="Technical assistance">
          Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
        </producer>
        <copyright>
          © LISGIS. All Rights Reserved
        </copyright>
        <software version="4.0.10" date="2018-05-02">
          Nesstar Publisher
        </software>
        <fundAg>
          Government of Liberia
        </fundAg>
        <fundAg abbr="FAO">
          Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
        </fundAg>
        <fundAg abbr="BMGF">
          Gates Foundation
        </fundAg>
        <fundAg abbr="HISWAP">
          Harmonizing and Improving Statistics in West Africa Project
        </fundAg>
      </prodStmt>
      <distStmt>
        <contact affiliation="Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services" URI="https://lisgis.gov.lr/" email="matthew.wantoe@lisgis.gov.lr">
          Matthew Wantoe, Director for ICT Division
        </contact>
        <contact URI="https://lisgis.gov.lr/" email="lisgis.admin@lisgis.gov.lr">
          Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services
        </contact>
      </distStmt>
      <serStmt>
        <serName>
          Agricultural Survey [ag/oth]
        </serName>
        <serInfo>
          The Women's Empowerment and Nutrition (WEN) module was integrated into the Annual Agricultural Survey 2024 under the umbrella of the 50x2030 Initiative to close the agricultural data gap &lt;https://www.50x2030.org/&gt;, a global partnership of the World Bank, FAO and IFAD aimed to strengthen the availability of data on agriculture. This is the first WEN survey in Liberia, designed to generate nationally representative statistics on empowerment and women's dietary diversity among agricultural households.
        </serInfo>
      </serStmt>
      <verStmt>
        <version>
          v1.0: This is the first version of the edited and anonymized datasets.
        </version>
      </verStmt>
    </citation>
    <stdyInfo>
      <subject>
        <keyword>
          Women's empowerment
        </keyword>
        <keyword>
          Dietary diversity
        </keyword>
        <topcClas vocab="ELSST Thesaurus" vocabURI="https://thesauri.cessda.eu/elsst-5/en/">
          Gender Equality
        </topcClas>
        <topcClas vocab="ELSST Thesaurus" vocabURI="https://thesauri.cessda.eu/elsst-5/en/">
          Food Security
        </topcClas>
      </subject>
      <abstract>
        <![CDATA[The Women's Empowerment and Nutrition Survey (WEN) 2024 provides a comprehensive picture of empowerment, women's nutrition, and the relationship between the two in agricultural households across Liberia. Implemented by the Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services (LISGIS) in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), and with technical support of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the survey had four key objectives: 

1. To measure the empowerment of women in agricultural households and assess their dietary diversity, with findings disseminated to ministries and stakeholders for programming and policy design. 
2. To document lessons learned in order to refine and strengthen methodologies for measuring women’s empowerment within 
agricultural surveys. 
3. To raise visibility of empowerment and nutrition indicators at national and global levels, demonstrating the feasibility of 
embedding such measures in agriculture-based surveys. 
4. To strengthen national capacity to collect, analyze, and use gender- and nutrition-sensitive data for evidence-based decision
making.]]>
      </abstract>
      <sumDscr>
        <collDate date="2024-11" event="start"/>
        <collDate date="2025-02" event="end"/>
        <nation abbr="LBR">
          Liberia
        </nation>
        <geogCover>
          National coverage
        </geogCover>
        <anlyUnit>
          Agricultural households.
        </anlyUnit>
        <universe>
          Male and female members living in agricultural households aged between 18 and 64 years.
        </universe>
        <dataKind>
          Sample survey data [ssd]
        </dataKind>
      </sumDscr>
      <notes>
        <![CDATA[The WEN survey covered:

a) Women's empowerment domains - i.e., claiming rights, making choices, engaging in communities, access to resources (WEMNS).
b) Tenure rights over agricultural land (SDG 5.a.1) and residential dwelling.
c) Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W).]]>
      </notes>
    </stdyInfo>
    <method>
      <dataColl>
        <dataCollector abbr="LISGIS" affiliation="Government of the Republic of Liberia">
          Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services
        </dataCollector>
        <dataCollector abbr="MOA" affiliation="Government of the Republic of Liberia">
          Ministry of Agriculture
        </dataCollector>
        <sampProc>
          <![CDATA[The survey targeted adult members aged 18-64 living in agricultural households.As the MDD-W indicator is validated for women of reproductive age, the dietary diversity section was administered only to women. To meet the survey's measurement objectives, three estimation domains were defined: women aged 18-49, women and men aged 18-64. Two partially overlapping estimation domains were created for women to ensure a good level of precision for the population group concerned by the MDD-W indicator i.e., women between 18 and 49 years old.

The WEN sample was drawn from the sample used for the national agricultural survey (Annual Agricultural Survey 2024). First a subsample of households was selected within each stratum with simple random sampling. Second, within the sub-sampled households, a fixed number of adults were randomly chosen in the field after listing all household members. The subsampling of individuals within the selected households was performed through a simple random sampling stratified by gender and age and it was performed in the field after having listed all household members. Hence, the sampling of the WEN survey adopted the same stratification criteria as the agricultural survey sample.  Acknowledging clustering and intra-household correlation, the sampling design assumed a design effect of 3.5.]]>
        </sampProc>
        <collMode>
          Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
        </collMode>
        <resInstru>
          <![CDATA[The 2024 Women's Empowerment and Nutrition (WEN) questionnaire encompasses multiple topics: time use and agency; community participation and leadership; financial services and credit; property ownership and tenure security; decision-making and control over income; ICT access and use; women's dietary diversity (MDD-W). The CAPI instrument contained automated quality checks and skip patterns. The questionnaire was organized in ten modules: 
·Module D - Paid and Unpaid Activities. Captures time use in the last seven days: household chores, care work, market activities, paid work, farming (subsistence and commercial), leisure, religious/cultural events, learning. It records decision-making power over how much time respondents dedicate to each activity.
·Module E - Participation and Leadership in Community. Assesses participation in and leadership of different community groups (government, service, financial, livelihood, and religious/social groups). Gender-specific perception questions:
oFor women: perceptions of women's ability to participate and be heard in the community.
oFor men: same but framed around men's participation.
·Module F - Life Transitions and Awareness of Rights (Women only). Measures women's agreement with rights-based statements (education, work, income use, property ownership, marriage/divorce, childbearing decisions). Captures attitudes toward women's autonomy across life transitions.
·Module G - Financial Services and Credit. Records use of financial services in the past 12 months (mobile money, bank account, ATM, credit card). Assesses access to loans from formal (banks, cooperatives, microfinance) and informal (savings groups, moneylenders, NGOs) institutions.
·Module H - Property Ownership. Measures ownership and rights to agricultural land and dwellings. Asks about ability to sell, bequeath, or document property rights. Captures security of tenure by asking for the likelihood of involuntary loss.
·Module I - Decision-Making and Control over Income. Assesses individual influence over use of household money (own and others'), major household purchases, decisions on personal healthcare.
·Module J - Information Communication Technologies (ICT). Measures frequency of use of mobile phones, internet and social media platforms.
·Module L - Sexual Harassment (Women only). Captures attitudes on acceptability of different forms of harassment: verbal disrespect, work restrictions, rumor-spreading unwanted romantic/sexual advances and exchange of work benefits for sexual favors. Asked in private, ensuring no one could overhear the questions.
·Module M - Food and Drinks Consumed in Last 24 Hours (Women only). 24-hour dietary recall to measure Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W). Lists food groups (cereals, roots/tubers, legumes, nuts, dairy, meat/fish, eggs, leafy greens, vegetables, fruits, oils/fats, sweets, beverages, insects). Provides standardized recall for comparability across individuals.
·Module N - Information on Respondent. Records literacy, schooling history, and highest education level.
·Module O - Result of the Interview. Enumerators report whether the interview was private, completion status, reasons for partial or incomplete interviews.]]>
        </resInstru>
        <sources/>
        <actMin>
          <![CDATA[Supervisors managed day-to-day operations and logistics; coordinated EA coverage and enumerator workload; monitored data quality (completeness, internal consistency, and adherence to protocols); provided immediate feedback and corrective guidance; resolved technical issues (including CAPI troubleshooting and question interpretation); conducted spot checks and direct observation of interviews; and compiled progress reports for central coordination.

Enumerators conducted interviews in accordance with protocol, maintained respondent confidentiality and privacy, ensured accurate CAPI entry, and reported operational issues promptly to supervisors.]]>
        </actMin>
        <weight>
          Individual weights have been computed and included in the dataset.
        </weight>
        <cleanOps>
          <![CDATA[The data went through the following consistency checks:

· Rigorous internal and cross-module checks enforced skip logic and consistency.
· Rule-based imputation was applied where needed to maintain within-module coherence, for example, when a response contradicted a required filter or created a logical inconsistency between related items. In such cases value was re-coded to maintain consistency.
· No statistical/model-based imputation was used to infer substantive values. All edits and imputations followed predefined rules and were fully documented in Stata do-files.]]>
        </cleanOps>
      </dataColl>
      <anlyInfo>
        <respRate>
          The response rate is 80%.
        </respRate>
      </anlyInfo>
    </method>
    <dataAccs>
      <useStmt>
        <confDec required="yes">
          Confidentiality of respondents is guaranteed by the National Statistics and Geo-Information Act of Liberia, enacted 2004 and the United Nations Fundamental Principles on Official Statistics, specifically principle six. Before being granted access to the dataset, all users have to formally agree: 1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by LISGIS. 2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of any person, household, non-household or community not identified on public use data files. 3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents or discussion, or analysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediately brought to the attention of the data depositor.
        </confDec>
        <contact affiliation="Government of Liberia" URI="https://lisgis.gov.lr/" email="lisgis.admin@lisgis.gov.lr">
          Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services
        </contact>
        <citReq>
          <![CDATA[Liberia Institute of Statistics and Geo-Information Services. Women's Empowerment and Nutrition Survey (WEN) 2024, Ref. LBR-WEN-2024-v01.

Dataset downloaded from https://lisgis.gov.lr/ or microdata.lisgislr.org]]>
        </citReq>
        <conditions>
          <![CDATA[The dataset has been anonymized and is available as a Public Use Dataset. It is accessible to all for statistical and research purposes only, under the following terms and conditions:

The data and other materials will not be redistributed or sold to other individuals, institutions, or organizations without the written agreement of LISGIS.
The data will be used for statistical and scientific research purposes only. They will be used solely for reporting of aggregated information, and not for investigation of specific individuals or organizations.
No attempt will be made to re-identify respondents, and no use will be made of the identity of any person or establishment discovered inadvertently. Any such discovery would immediately be reported to LISGIS.
No attempt will be made to produce links among datasets provided by LISGIS, or among data from LISGIS and other datasets that could identify individuals or organizations.
Any books, articles, conference papers, theses, dissertations, reports, or other publications that employ data obtained from LISGIS will cite the source of data in accordance with the Citation Requirement provided with each dataset.
An electronic copy of all reports and publications based on the requested data will be sent to LISGIS.
The original collectors of the data, LISGIS, MOA, and the relevant funding agencies bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.]]>
        </conditions>
        <disclaimer>
          The user of the data acknowledges that the authorized distributor of the data (i.e., LISGIS), MOA and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
        </disclaimer>
      </useStmt>
    </dataAccs>
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        Final individual weight
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        E02_B: Leadership in service groups
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        E01_C: Savings/credit group participation
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        E02_C: Leadership in savings/credit groups
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        E02_D: Leadership in livelihood groups
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        E01_E: Other group participation
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        E02_E: Leadership in other groups
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        E03_A: Women understand community
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        E03_B: Women can join activities
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        E03_C: Women in decision-making
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        E03_D: Women value participation
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        E03_E: Leaders listen to women
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        E04_A: Men understand community
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        E04_B: Men can join activities
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        E04_C: Men in decision-making
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        E04_D: Men value participation
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        0
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        E04_E: Leaders listen to men
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        Duration for module E
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        F01_A: Right to complete school
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        F01_B: Right to paid work
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        0
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        F01_C: Right to prioritize paid work
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        F01_D: Right to use earnings
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        0
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        F01_E: Right to buy property
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        0
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        F01_F: Right to choose marriage timing
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        F01_G: Right to divorce
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        F01_H: Right to choose children timing
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        0
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        F01_I: Right to stop having children
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        Duration for module F
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        0
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        G01_A: Used mobile money (12 mo)
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        0
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        G01_B: Used bank account (12 mo)
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        G01_C: Used ATM/debit card (12 mo)
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        0
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        G01_D: Used credit card (12 mo)
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        0
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        G02_B: Can borrow from cooperative
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        G02_C: Can borrow from microfinance group
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        G02_D: Can borrow from informal group
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        G02_E: Can borrow from NGO program
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        Duration for module G
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        H03_1: Right to will land after death?
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        H08_1: Right to sell current dwelling?
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        H09_1: Right to will dwelling after death?
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        H011_1: Name on dwelling document?
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        Duration for module H
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        I01: Influence on household money use
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        I02_A: Influence on big purchases
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        I02_B: Influence on own healthcare
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        Duration for module I
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        J01_A: Mobile phone use frequency
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        J01_B: Internet/social media use
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        0
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        Duration for module J
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        0
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        0
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        L01_A: OK to treat women as lesser
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        L01_C: OK to spread sex-life rumors
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        L01_D: OK to pursue unwanted romance
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        Organ meats (liver, heart, gizzard, intestines, tongue)
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        Dark green leafy vegetables (cassava leaves, collard greens, etc.)
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        Dark green leafy vegetables (palava sauce, okra leaves, bitter leaves)
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        Vitamin A-rich vegetables and roots
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        Vitamin A-rich fruits
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        Other vegetables
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        0
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        Other fruits (orange, banana, apple, guava, etc.)
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        0
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        Other fruits (soursop, coconut, watermelon, pineapple, etc.)
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        Packaged salty snacks
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        Deep fried foods
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        Instant noodles
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        Fast food restaurant foods
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        Sweet foods
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        Sugar-sweetened beverages
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        Sweetened infusions (tea or coffee with sugar/honey)
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        Insects and small protein foods
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        Red palm oil
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        Duration for module M
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        N03_1: Can you read and write in any language?
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        N04_1: Have you ever attended school?
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        N05_1: What is the highest educational level you completed?
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        Women empowerment index
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        Disempowerment intensity
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        Disempowerment Headcount, 1 = Disempowered - 0 = Empowered
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        Number of food group eaten
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        Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women
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