Land and Livestock Holding Survey (Visit 1), 2013
India, 2013
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Reference ID
IND_2013_LLHS-W1_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
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National Sample Survey Office
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Apr 14, 2020
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Identification
Survey ID Number
IND_2013_LLHS-W1_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Title
Land and Livestock Holding Survey (Visit 1), 2013
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| India | IND |
Study type
Other Household Survey [hh/oth]
Series Information
The first survey on land holdings was taken up by the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) in its 8th round (July 1954 - April 1955) as part of the World Agricultural Census initiated by the Food & Agricultural Organisation (FAO) of the United Nations. In this survey, information on agricultural holdings was collected primarily to meet the requirements of the FAO. In addition, information on household ownership holdings was collected to provide the policy framers with the much-needed data for formulating land reforms policy for the country. A similar survey was conducted again in the 16th (July 1960-August 1961) and 17th (September 1961-July 1962) rounds of the NSS as a part of the World Agricultural Census Programme of 1960. Since then, NSSO has been regularly conducting land holding surveys every ten years or so. The next survey on land holding of NSSO was conducted in 26th round (July 1971-June 1972), simultaneously with a survey on Debt and Investment at the instance of the Reserve Bank of India. Thereafter, surveys on land and livestock holdings were conducted in 37th round (January-December 1982), 48th round (January-December 1992) and 59th round (January-December 2003), respectively.
The present survey on land and livestock holdings in the NSS 70th round has been conducted during January to December 2013. Each sample FSU was visited twice during this round; period of the first visit was January – July 2013 i.e. of 7 months’ duration and that of the second visit was August – December 2013 i.e. of 5 months’ duration. Separate schedules were designed for visit-1 and visit-2, having more or less a common structure, avoiding repeated collection of a few items of information which are not likely to change. In visit-1, information pertaining to the period July - December 2012 was collected, whereas reference period for the information collected in visit-2 was January - June 2013.
Information on livestock, poultry, duckery, etc., owned by the household as on the date of survey was collected only once during visit-1. However, in visit-2, some general information of the household operational holdings for the whole agricultural year was additionally collected for the households who made agricultural use of at least one plot in both the reference periods.
The present survey on land and livestock holdings in the NSS 70th round has been conducted during January to December 2013. Each sample FSU was visited twice during this round; period of the first visit was January – July 2013 i.e. of 7 months’ duration and that of the second visit was August – December 2013 i.e. of 5 months’ duration. Separate schedules were designed for visit-1 and visit-2, having more or less a common structure, avoiding repeated collection of a few items of information which are not likely to change. In visit-1, information pertaining to the period July - December 2012 was collected, whereas reference period for the information collected in visit-2 was January - June 2013.
Information on livestock, poultry, duckery, etc., owned by the household as on the date of survey was collected only once during visit-1. However, in visit-2, some general information of the household operational holdings for the whole agricultural year was additionally collected for the households who made agricultural use of at least one plot in both the reference periods.
Abstract
The Land and Livestock Holdings Survey (LLHS) of National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) is one of the main sources of information on livestock and poultry held by the household sector of the economy. It also provides estimates of two basic distributions of land holdings, which are; distribution of land owned by households and that of agriculturally operated land. The survey of Land and Livestock Holdings carried out in the 59th round (January-December 2003) of the NSSO is the sixth in the series of similar surveys conducted so far by the NSSO. The objective of these surveys has been to generate basic quantitative information on the agrarian structure of the country, which is relevant to land policy. In the 59th round, information on various aspects of ownership and operational holdings was collected for both rural and urban areas. Each sample household was visited twice during the period of survey with a gap of four to eight months. Two different schedules of enquiry were canvassed in the two visits. The first visit was made during January to August 2003 and the second, during September to December 2003. The survey was conducted in both rural and urban areas. The information present here is for the first visit.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Households
Scope
Notes
The description of scope for the first visit according to the questionnaire are given below.
1. Description and identification of sample household
2. Characteristics of field operation/interview
3. Household characteristics
4. Demography and other characteristics of household members
5. Household plot characteristics
6. General information of operational holdings (Raining season)
7. Number of cattles and Buffaloes
8. Number of poultry and other livestock
9. Investigator remarks
10. Supervisor remarks
1. Description and identification of sample household
2. Characteristics of field operation/interview
3. Household characteristics
4. Demography and other characteristics of household members
5. Household plot characteristics
6. General information of operational holdings (Raining season)
7. Number of cattles and Buffaloes
8. Number of poultry and other livestock
9. Investigator remarks
10. Supervisor remarks
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National Coverage
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Sample Survey Office | Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation |
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Survey Design Research Division | National Sample Survey Office | Questionnaire Desgn, Sampling methodology, Survey Reports |
| Field Operations Division | National Sample Survey Office | Field work |
| Data Processing Division | National Sample Survey Office | Data processing |
| Computer Center | Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation | Data processing & Dissemination |
| Governing Council and Working Group | Government of India | Finalisation of survey study and Questionnaire |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation | MOSPI | Financing |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
A stratified multi-stage design was adopted for the 70th round survey. The First Stage Units (FSUs) are the census villages (Panchayat wards in case of Kerala) in the rural sector and Urban Frame Survey (UFS) blocks in the urban sector. The Ultimate Stage Units (USUs) are households in both sectors. In case of large FSUs, there is an intermediate stage of sampling in which two Hamlet Groups (HGs)/ sub-blocks (sbs) from each rural/ urban FSU. For the rural sector, the list of 2001 census villages updated by excluding the villages urbanised and including the towns de-urbanised after 2001 census (henceforth the term 'village' would mean Panchayat wards for Kerala) constitutes the sampling frame. For the urban sector, the latest updated list of UFS blocks (2007-12) is considered as the sampling frame.
The stratification procedure is as follows:
(a)Stratum was formed at district level. Within each district of a State/ UT, generally speaking, two basic strata were formed: i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the district and (ii) urban stratum comprising all the urban areas of the district. However, within the urban areas of a district, if there were one or more towns with population 10 lakhs (1 million) or more as per population census 2011 in a district, each of them formed a separate basic stratum and the remaining urban areas of the district was considered as another basic stratum.
(b)However, a special stratum in the rural sector was formed at State/UT level before district- strata were formed in case of each of the following 20 States/UTs: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. This stratum will comprise all the villages of the State with population less than 50 as per 2001 census.
(c)In case of rural sectors/areas in Nagaland, one special stratum has been formed within the State consisting of all the interior and inaccessible villages. Similarly, for Andaman & Nicobar Islands, one more special stratum has been formed within the UT consisting of all inaccessible villages. Thus for Andaman & Nicobar Islands, two special strata have been formed at the UT level:
(i)special stratum 1 comprising all the interior and inaccessible villages
(ii)special stratum 2 containing all the villages, other than those in special stratum 1, having population less than 50 as per 2001 census.
Sub-stratification was also done for the different sectors/ areas. They include:
1. Rural sector: Different sub-stratifications are done for 'hilly' States and other States. Ten (10) States are considered as hilly States: Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh. The different sub-stratifications include:
(a) sub-stratification for hilly States: If 'r' be the sample size allocated for a rural stratum, the number of sub-strata formed was 'r/2'. The villages within a district as per frame have been first arranged in ascending order of population. Then sub-strata 1 to 'r/2' have been demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal population.
(b) sub-stratification for other States (non-hilly States except Kerala): The villages within a district as per frame were first arranged in ascending order of proportion of irrigated area in the cultivated area of the village. Then sub-strata 1 to 'r/2' have been demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal cultivated area. The information on irrigated area and cultivated area was obtained from the village directory of census 2001.
(c) sub-stratification for Kerala: Although Kerala is a non-hilly State but because of non-availability of information on irrigation at FSU (Panchayat Ward) level, sub-stratification by proportion of irrigated area was not possible. Hence the procedure for sub-stratification was same as that of hilly States in case of Kerala.
2. Urban sector: There was no sub-stratification for the strata of cities with > one million in population. For other strata, each district was divided into 2 sub-strata as follows:
sub-stratum 1: all towns of the district with population less than 50000 as per census 2011
sub-stratum 2: remaining non-million plus towns of the district
Total sample size (FSUs): 8042 FSUs have been allocated for the central sample at all-India level. For the state sample, there are 8998 FSUs allocated for all-India.
Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs have been allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2011 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators as well as comparability with previous round of survey on the same subjects has been kept in view.
Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/ UT level sample size has been allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per census 2011 with double weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 16 FSUs (minimum 8 each for rural and urban sector separately) is allocated to each state/ UT.
Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/ UT, the respective sample size has been allocated to the different strata in proportion to the population as per census 2011. Allocations at stratum level are adjusted to multiples of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2.
For special stratum formed in the rural areas of 20 States/UTs, 2 FSUs were allocated to each.
For special stratum 1 in the rural areas of Nagaland and Andaman & Nicobar Islands, 4 and 2 FSUs were allocated respectively.
Allocation to sub-strata:
Rural: Allocation is 2 for each sub-stratum in rural.
Urban: Stratum allocations have been distributed among the two sub-strata in proportion to the number of FSUs in the sub-strata. Minimum allocation for each sub-stratum is 2
The stratification procedure is as follows:
(a)Stratum was formed at district level. Within each district of a State/ UT, generally speaking, two basic strata were formed: i) rural stratum comprising of all rural areas of the district and (ii) urban stratum comprising all the urban areas of the district. However, within the urban areas of a district, if there were one or more towns with population 10 lakhs (1 million) or more as per population census 2011 in a district, each of them formed a separate basic stratum and the remaining urban areas of the district was considered as another basic stratum.
(b)However, a special stratum in the rural sector was formed at State/UT level before district- strata were formed in case of each of the following 20 States/UTs: Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Lakshadweep, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal. This stratum will comprise all the villages of the State with population less than 50 as per 2001 census.
(c)In case of rural sectors/areas in Nagaland, one special stratum has been formed within the State consisting of all the interior and inaccessible villages. Similarly, for Andaman & Nicobar Islands, one more special stratum has been formed within the UT consisting of all inaccessible villages. Thus for Andaman & Nicobar Islands, two special strata have been formed at the UT level:
(i)special stratum 1 comprising all the interior and inaccessible villages
(ii)special stratum 2 containing all the villages, other than those in special stratum 1, having population less than 50 as per 2001 census.
Sub-stratification was also done for the different sectors/ areas. They include:
1. Rural sector: Different sub-stratifications are done for 'hilly' States and other States. Ten (10) States are considered as hilly States: Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh. The different sub-stratifications include:
(a) sub-stratification for hilly States: If 'r' be the sample size allocated for a rural stratum, the number of sub-strata formed was 'r/2'. The villages within a district as per frame have been first arranged in ascending order of population. Then sub-strata 1 to 'r/2' have been demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal population.
(b) sub-stratification for other States (non-hilly States except Kerala): The villages within a district as per frame were first arranged in ascending order of proportion of irrigated area in the cultivated area of the village. Then sub-strata 1 to 'r/2' have been demarcated in such a way that each sub-stratum comprised a group of villages of the arranged frame and have more or less equal cultivated area. The information on irrigated area and cultivated area was obtained from the village directory of census 2001.
(c) sub-stratification for Kerala: Although Kerala is a non-hilly State but because of non-availability of information on irrigation at FSU (Panchayat Ward) level, sub-stratification by proportion of irrigated area was not possible. Hence the procedure for sub-stratification was same as that of hilly States in case of Kerala.
2. Urban sector: There was no sub-stratification for the strata of cities with > one million in population. For other strata, each district was divided into 2 sub-strata as follows:
sub-stratum 1: all towns of the district with population less than 50000 as per census 2011
sub-stratum 2: remaining non-million plus towns of the district
Total sample size (FSUs): 8042 FSUs have been allocated for the central sample at all-India level. For the state sample, there are 8998 FSUs allocated for all-India.
Allocation of total sample to States and UTs: The total number of sample FSUs have been allocated to the States and UTs in proportion to population as per census 2011 subject to a minimum sample allocation to each State/ UT. While doing so, the resource availability in terms of number of field investigators as well as comparability with previous round of survey on the same subjects has been kept in view.
Allocation of State/ UT level sample to rural and urban sectors: State/ UT level sample size has been allocated between two sectors in proportion to population as per census 2011 with double weightage to urban sector subject to the restriction that urban sample size for bigger states like Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu etc. should not exceed the rural sample size. A minimum of 16 FSUs (minimum 8 each for rural and urban sector separately) is allocated to each state/ UT.
Allocation to strata: Within each sector of a State/ UT, the respective sample size has been allocated to the different strata in proportion to the population as per census 2011. Allocations at stratum level are adjusted to multiples of 2 with a minimum sample size of 2.
For special stratum formed in the rural areas of 20 States/UTs, 2 FSUs were allocated to each.
For special stratum 1 in the rural areas of Nagaland and Andaman & Nicobar Islands, 4 and 2 FSUs were allocated respectively.
Allocation to sub-strata:
Rural: Allocation is 2 for each sub-stratum in rural.
Urban: Stratum allocations have been distributed among the two sub-strata in proportion to the number of FSUs in the sub-strata. Minimum allocation for each sub-stratum is 2
Deviations from the Sample Design
There was no deviation from the original sampling plan.
Response Rate
No. of First Stage Units (FSUs) is 4469 and No. of Second Stage Units (SSUs) is 35,604.
Weighting
For generating any estimate, one has to extract relevant portion of the data, and aggregate after applying the weights.
Weights (or multipliers) variables are given at the end of record of each dataset. The weights (multipliers) are [WGT_SS] for sub-sample-wise estimation and [WGT_Combined] for combined subsample estimates.
All records of a household will have same weight figure. In case of those blocks/levels, where Item/Person Sl.No. is not applicable the field is filled up with 00000.
Use of subsample-wise weights (multipliers):
- For generating subsample-wise estimates based on data of all sub-rounds taken together, either Subsample-1 households or Subsample-2 households are to be considered at one time. The subsample code is available in the dataset.
- For generating subsample-combined estimates based on data of all subrounds taken together, all households are to be considered.
Weights (or multipliers) variables are given at the end of record of each dataset. The weights (multipliers) are [WGT_SS] for sub-sample-wise estimation and [WGT_Combined] for combined subsample estimates.
All records of a household will have same weight figure. In case of those blocks/levels, where Item/Person Sl.No. is not applicable the field is filled up with 00000.
Use of subsample-wise weights (multipliers):
- For generating subsample-wise estimates based on data of all sub-rounds taken together, either Subsample-1 households or Subsample-2 households are to be considered at one time. The subsample code is available in the dataset.
- For generating subsample-combined estimates based on data of all subrounds taken together, all households are to be considered.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2013-01-01 | 2013-04-15 | Subround-1 Visit 1 |
| 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-31 | Subround-2 Visit 1 |
| 2013-08-01 | 2013-10-15 | Subround-3 Visit 2 |
| 2013-10-16 | 2013-12-31 | Subround-4 Visit 2 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face paper [f2f]
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Deputy Director General (DDG), Computer Center | Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation | [email protected] | Link |
Confidentiality
This is a re-organized, anonymized dataset for public distribution. In the records, f.s.u serial numbers are assigned false numbers to disable identity of units.
Access conditions
Validated unit level data relating to various survey rounds are available on CD-ROMS which can be obtained from the Deputy Director General, Computer Centre, M/O Statistics and PI, East Block No. 10 R.K. Puram, New Delhi-110066 by remitting the price along with packaging and postal charges as well as giving an undertaking duly signed in a specified format.The amount is to be remitted by way of demand draft drawn in favour of Pay & Accounts Officer, Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation, payable at New Delhi.
Citation requirements
NSS 70th Round Sch. 18.1 provided by Data Processing Division(DPD), NSSO, Kolkata.
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_IND_2013_LLHS-W1_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_FAO
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office of Chief Statistician | OCS | Food and Agriculture Organization | Metadata adapted for FAM |
| Computer Center | CC | Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation | Documentation of the study |
DDI Document version
IND_2013_LLHS-W1_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_v01