Palay Production Survey 2017
Philippines, 2017
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Reference ID
PHL_2017_PPS_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
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Philippines Statistics Authority
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Apr 28, 2020
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Jan 31, 2023
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Identification
Survey ID Number
PHL_2017_PPS_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Title
Palay Production Survey 2017
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Philippines | PHL |
Study type
Agricultural Survey [ag/oth]
Series Information
The Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2017 covered the April 2017, July 2017, October 2017 and January 2018 Rounds of the 63nd year of the quarterly survey. PPS is one of the two modules of the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS). The other module is the Corn Production Survey (CPS).
The generation of production statistics on palay and corn through the quarterly Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS), now known as the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS) dates back to as early as 1954 when the former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) was still a division (Agricultural Economics Division) of the then Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources (DANR).
The RCPS has for its predecessors, the Crops and Livestock Survey (CLS), 1954-1968; the Integrated Agricultural Survey (IAS), 1968-1985; and the Rice and Corn Survey(RCS), 1985-1993. Prior to 1986, the RCS employed a two-stage stratified sampling design with municipality as the domain. In 1986, the RCS adopted a three-stage sampling design with province as the domain. In 1989, the RCPS design evolved from a statistical research undertaken jointly by the former Philippine Statistical Association (PSA), now known as Philippine Statistical Association Incorporated (PSAI) and former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) under a grant from the USAID. It was conceived as an improvement to the RCS with a completely different sampling frame and design.
The new RCPS design was officially adopted in July 1994. The design used the results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture (CA) as basis for sampling frame and is still being implemented up to the present.
Despite the long history of this quarterly survey, it was continuously improved in design and contents. Thus, in 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in the PPS sample barangays was made. Consequently, a new set of sample households was drawn. Likewise, modification in the contents of the survey was made and implemented in December 2007 (January 2008 Round). Also, starting this round, the name of the survey was changed to Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS).
The improved Palay Production Survey, January 2008 Round, underwent further changes on sample status and terms and concepts used. Hence, revisions of the questionnaire were made and a supplementary manual of instruction was provided for the PPS April 2008 Round.
In October 2008, with funding support from the GMA Rice Program, the Enhanced Information System for Palay (EISP) was implemented. This project aimed to develop and maintain a comprehensive quarterly report containing all the data elements generated from the PPS. The EISP presents information on palay production, area and yield by ecosystem and seed class. It also contains data on source and adequacy of irrigation water, usage of fertilizers, chemicals and seeds, disposition and utilization of production, and information on farmers' awareness and participation in the GMA Rice Program. All this information was disaggregated at the provincial level.
The continuous efforts in developing approaches and methodologies in estimating palay statistics had been done, particularly, the PPS questionnaire. As early as 2010, the proposed revision of the PPS questionnaire was included in the work plan of the TWG on Cereals Statistics. In the succeeding quarterly meetings of the TWG, the Group reviewed the current PPS questionnaire and made sure that the same items were included in the proposed questionnaire. The pre-test was conducted in June 2011. The issues encountered, recommendations/suggestions and agreements by the TWG on the pre-test of the questionnaire and those raised during the National Management Consultative Meeting (NMCM held last June 2011 were presented to the body for assessment. Refinements were made in the questionnaire based on the results of the assessment. The major features of the new sets of questionnaires were: shift from barangay level to farm level questionnaire i.e., from a maximum of five (5) households to one (1) household per questionnaire; change in questionnaire format; more detailed sample status categories; defined types of ecosystem; inclusion of items on labor inputs; and application of organic pesticides. These new sets of questionnaires were implemented starting April 2012 survey round of the PPS.
The generation of production statistics on palay and corn through the quarterly Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS), now known as the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS) dates back to as early as 1954 when the former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) was still a division (Agricultural Economics Division) of the then Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources (DANR).
The RCPS has for its predecessors, the Crops and Livestock Survey (CLS), 1954-1968; the Integrated Agricultural Survey (IAS), 1968-1985; and the Rice and Corn Survey(RCS), 1985-1993. Prior to 1986, the RCS employed a two-stage stratified sampling design with municipality as the domain. In 1986, the RCS adopted a three-stage sampling design with province as the domain. In 1989, the RCPS design evolved from a statistical research undertaken jointly by the former Philippine Statistical Association (PSA), now known as Philippine Statistical Association Incorporated (PSAI) and former Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) under a grant from the USAID. It was conceived as an improvement to the RCS with a completely different sampling frame and design.
The new RCPS design was officially adopted in July 1994. The design used the results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture (CA) as basis for sampling frame and is still being implemented up to the present.
Despite the long history of this quarterly survey, it was continuously improved in design and contents. Thus, in 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in the PPS sample barangays was made. Consequently, a new set of sample households was drawn. Likewise, modification in the contents of the survey was made and implemented in December 2007 (January 2008 Round). Also, starting this round, the name of the survey was changed to Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS).
The improved Palay Production Survey, January 2008 Round, underwent further changes on sample status and terms and concepts used. Hence, revisions of the questionnaire were made and a supplementary manual of instruction was provided for the PPS April 2008 Round.
In October 2008, with funding support from the GMA Rice Program, the Enhanced Information System for Palay (EISP) was implemented. This project aimed to develop and maintain a comprehensive quarterly report containing all the data elements generated from the PPS. The EISP presents information on palay production, area and yield by ecosystem and seed class. It also contains data on source and adequacy of irrigation water, usage of fertilizers, chemicals and seeds, disposition and utilization of production, and information on farmers' awareness and participation in the GMA Rice Program. All this information was disaggregated at the provincial level.
The continuous efforts in developing approaches and methodologies in estimating palay statistics had been done, particularly, the PPS questionnaire. As early as 2010, the proposed revision of the PPS questionnaire was included in the work plan of the TWG on Cereals Statistics. In the succeeding quarterly meetings of the TWG, the Group reviewed the current PPS questionnaire and made sure that the same items were included in the proposed questionnaire. The pre-test was conducted in June 2011. The issues encountered, recommendations/suggestions and agreements by the TWG on the pre-test of the questionnaire and those raised during the National Management Consultative Meeting (NMCM held last June 2011 were presented to the body for assessment. Refinements were made in the questionnaire based on the results of the assessment. The major features of the new sets of questionnaires were: shift from barangay level to farm level questionnaire i.e., from a maximum of five (5) households to one (1) household per questionnaire; change in questionnaire format; more detailed sample status categories; defined types of ecosystem; inclusion of items on labor inputs; and application of organic pesticides. These new sets of questionnaires were implemented starting April 2012 survey round of the PPS.
Abstract
The Palay Production Survey is one of the two modules of the Palay and Corn Production Survey (PCPS), formerly known as the Rice and Corn Production Survey (RCPS).
The Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2017 is a quarterly survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). It aims to generate estimates on palay production, area and yield and other related information at the provincial level. The four rounds are conducted in January, April, July and October. Each round generates estimates for the immediate past quarter and forecasts for the next two quarters. Results of the survey serve as inputs to planners and policy makers on matters concerning the rice industry.
The Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2017 is a quarterly survey conducted by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA). It aims to generate estimates on palay production, area and yield and other related information at the provincial level. The four rounds are conducted in January, April, July and October. Each round generates estimates for the immediate past quarter and forecasts for the next two quarters. Results of the survey serve as inputs to planners and policy makers on matters concerning the rice industry.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Agricultural holdings
Scope
Notes
The scope of the Palay Production Survey includes:
- Production, area planted/harvested and yield by ecosystem and seed type
- Usage of seeds, fertilizer and pesticides
- Source of irrigation water and adequacy
- Monthly distribution of production and area harvested
- Farm household disposition of production
- Area with standing crop
- Planting intention for the quarter
- Production, area planted/harvested and yield by ecosystem and seed type
- Usage of seeds, fertilizer and pesticides
- Source of irrigation water and adequacy
- Monthly distribution of production and area harvested
- Farm household disposition of production
- Area with standing crop
- Planting intention for the quarter
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry, fisheries | Philippines Statistics Authority |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National Coverage
Universe
Farming households in palay producing barangays.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Philippines Statistics Authority | National Economic and Development Authority (NEDA) |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Government of the Philippines | GoP | Full Funding |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The sampling procedure used in the Palay Production Survey (PPS) 2017 was first implemented in 1994. This is a replicated two-stage stratified sampling design with province as the domain, barangay as the Primary Sampling Unit (PSU) and farming household as the Secondary Sampling Unit (SSU).
The 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF) provides the primary basis for the sampling frame for the PPS. Except Isabela, Laguna and Bukidnon where the traditional complete enumeration strategy was employed, the 1991 CAF used sampling techniques for selecting the primary sampling units (the barangays) for these three provinces.
The results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF 1991) serve as sampling frame at the psu and ssu levels. In the said census, the largest barangay in a municipality is taken with certainty while a 50 percent sampling rate is used for selecting the remaining barangays in the municipality. This scheme effectively resulted in the generation of two sub-universes: a sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to one (these barangas are called 'certainty barangays') and another sub-universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to 0.5. This characteristic of the CAF 1991 data is used in the selection of sample barangays for the PPS.
The barangays are arrayed in ascending order based on palay area which are stratified such that the aggregate palay area of the barangays belonging to one stratum is more or less equal to the aggregate palay area of the barangays in any other stratum. Ten strata are formed for major palay producing provinces and five for minor producing provinces. In all these provinces, the last stratum consisted of the certainty barangays per CAF 1991 design.
For each stratum, four (4) sample barangays are drawn independently using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling with the barangay's palay area as size measure. This resulted with four (4) independent sets of barangays (i.e., four replicates) for the province. Systematic sampling is used in drawing the sample farming households in each sample barangay.
For economic reasons, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of twenty-five (25). To correct for this limitation of the design, the use of household weights is instituted. A detailed discussion of weighting in the PPS is included in the survey's estimation procedure attached as a Technical Document.
Updating of frame on the list of agricultural households in the same sample barangays were generated through interview of key informants in 2007 and 2011 in order to get a precise estimate. In November 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in all palay sample barangays nationwide is done to address the problem of non-response due to transfer of residence, stoppage of farm operation, passing away of operator etc. Consequently, a new set of sample households is drawn.
Respondents who refused to be interviewed, not a home, unknown and transferred to another barangay are treated as missing and are replaced at the Central Office for the next quarter's survey. The replacement samples are taken from the list of replacements (farming households) for the barangay and are reflected in the list of sample households for the next round.
The 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF) provides the primary basis for the sampling frame for the PPS. Except Isabela, Laguna and Bukidnon where the traditional complete enumeration strategy was employed, the 1991 CAF used sampling techniques for selecting the primary sampling units (the barangays) for these three provinces.
The results of the 1991 Census of Agriculture and Fisheries (CAF 1991) serve as sampling frame at the psu and ssu levels. In the said census, the largest barangay in a municipality is taken with certainty while a 50 percent sampling rate is used for selecting the remaining barangays in the municipality. This scheme effectively resulted in the generation of two sub-universes: a sub universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to one (these barangas are called 'certainty barangays') and another sub-universe of barangays with probability of selection equal to 0.5. This characteristic of the CAF 1991 data is used in the selection of sample barangays for the PPS.
The barangays are arrayed in ascending order based on palay area which are stratified such that the aggregate palay area of the barangays belonging to one stratum is more or less equal to the aggregate palay area of the barangays in any other stratum. Ten strata are formed for major palay producing provinces and five for minor producing provinces. In all these provinces, the last stratum consisted of the certainty barangays per CAF 1991 design.
For each stratum, four (4) sample barangays are drawn independently using Probability Proportional to Size (PPS) sampling with the barangay's palay area as size measure. This resulted with four (4) independent sets of barangays (i.e., four replicates) for the province. Systematic sampling is used in drawing the sample farming households in each sample barangay.
For economic reasons, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of twenty-five (25). To correct for this limitation of the design, the use of household weights is instituted. A detailed discussion of weighting in the PPS is included in the survey's estimation procedure attached as a Technical Document.
Updating of frame on the list of agricultural households in the same sample barangays were generated through interview of key informants in 2007 and 2011 in order to get a precise estimate. In November 2007, an updating of the list of farming households in all palay sample barangays nationwide is done to address the problem of non-response due to transfer of residence, stoppage of farm operation, passing away of operator etc. Consequently, a new set of sample households is drawn.
Respondents who refused to be interviewed, not a home, unknown and transferred to another barangay are treated as missing and are replaced at the Central Office for the next quarter's survey. The replacement samples are taken from the list of replacements (farming households) for the barangay and are reflected in the list of sample households for the next round.
Weighting
Sample weights are applied to all variables at the household-level. These are determined as a function of the uniform raising factor for the province, denoted by Rk, and the adjusted household weights.
Rk is initially computed from the following characteristics: average total area planted to palay per stratum, average total area planted to palay per barangay, average number of farming households per barangay, average number of sample farming households per barangay and average number of sample barangays per stratum.
Sample size for the sample barangay is determined based on the following information: Rk, total number of farm households in the sample barangay, total palay area of the sample barangay, aggregate palay area in the stratum and number of sample barangays in the stratum.
For operational purposes, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of 25. To correct for this limitation, the use of a uniform sample weight for all sample households in the same sample barangay is instituted. Household weights are determined as a function of the computed sample size and the 'desired' sample size for the barangay, that is:
a) 1.00 if the computed sample size was between 4 and 25;
b) less than 1.00 if computed sample size was less than 4
c) more than 1.00 if computed sample size was more than 25, and
d) based on computed sample size and number of farming households in the barangay if computed sample size is less than 25 and said sample size is greater than total number of farming households in the barangay.
Household weights were encoded together with other household level data. During table generation, weighting adjustment was done to correct for sampling unit non-response due to the following reasons:
- refusal of target respondent or any other knowledgable household member to be interviewed
- sample barangay was not accessible during the survey period
- entire household was temporarily away during the survey operation
- sample household has transferred residence to another barangay
- sample household's residence could not be located / unknown in the sample barangay
Weighting adjustment was done for each sample barangay, whenever applicable. This was calculated by multiplying the original household weight by the reciprocal of the response rate. Response rate is the ratio of the number of sample households who responded to the survey (either palay household and non-palay household) to the total number of sample households in the barangay. Calculation of the final weight was done afterwards, by multiplying the adjusted weight by the uniform raising factor Rk.
Details of the above discussion on weighting adjustment procedures, are contained in the document describing the Palay Production Survey (PPS) sampling methodology provided attached as a Technical Document.
Rk is initially computed from the following characteristics: average total area planted to palay per stratum, average total area planted to palay per barangay, average number of farming households per barangay, average number of sample farming households per barangay and average number of sample barangays per stratum.
Sample size for the sample barangay is determined based on the following information: Rk, total number of farm households in the sample barangay, total palay area of the sample barangay, aggregate palay area in the stratum and number of sample barangays in the stratum.
For operational purposes, sample size per barangay is limited to a minimum of four (4) and a maximum of 25. To correct for this limitation, the use of a uniform sample weight for all sample households in the same sample barangay is instituted. Household weights are determined as a function of the computed sample size and the 'desired' sample size for the barangay, that is:
a) 1.00 if the computed sample size was between 4 and 25;
b) less than 1.00 if computed sample size was less than 4
c) more than 1.00 if computed sample size was more than 25, and
d) based on computed sample size and number of farming households in the barangay if computed sample size is less than 25 and said sample size is greater than total number of farming households in the barangay.
Household weights were encoded together with other household level data. During table generation, weighting adjustment was done to correct for sampling unit non-response due to the following reasons:
- refusal of target respondent or any other knowledgable household member to be interviewed
- sample barangay was not accessible during the survey period
- entire household was temporarily away during the survey operation
- sample household has transferred residence to another barangay
- sample household's residence could not be located / unknown in the sample barangay
Weighting adjustment was done for each sample barangay, whenever applicable. This was calculated by multiplying the original household weight by the reciprocal of the response rate. Response rate is the ratio of the number of sample households who responded to the survey (either palay household and non-palay household) to the total number of sample households in the barangay. Calculation of the final weight was done afterwards, by multiplying the adjusted weight by the uniform raising factor Rk.
Details of the above discussion on weighting adjustment procedures, are contained in the document describing the Palay Production Survey (PPS) sampling methodology provided attached as a Technical Document.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-10 | April 2017 Round |
| 2017-07-01 | 2017-07-10 | July 2017 Round |
| 2017-10-01 | 2017-10-10 | October 2017 Round |
| 2017-12-01 | 2017-12-10 | January 2018 Round |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face paper [f2f]
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Crops Statistics Division | Philippines Statistics Authority | [email protected] | Link |
| Knowledge Management and Communications Division | Philippines Statistics Authority | [email protected] | Link |
Access conditions
See http://psada.psa.gov.ph/index.php/access-conditions
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The data users/researchers acknowledge that the PSA bears no liabilities and responsibilities for any particular, indirect, or consequential damages or any damages, whatsoever resulting from loss of use, or of data in connection with the use or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_PHL_2017_PPS_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_FAO
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office of Chief Statistician | OCS | Food and Agricultural Organization | Metadata adapated for FAM |
| Crops Statistics Division | CSD | Philippines Statistics Authority | Documentation of study |
DDI Document version
PHL_2017_PPS_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_v01