Third Integrated Household Survey 2010-2011
Malawi, 2010 - 2011
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Reference ID
MWI_2010-2011_IHS-W3_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Producer(s)
National Statistical Office (NSO)
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Sep 23, 2020
Last modified
Nov 08, 2022
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Identification
Survey ID Number
MWI_2010-2011_IHS-W3_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Title
Third Integrated Household Survey 2010-2011
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Malawi | MWI |
Study type
Living Standards Measurement Study [hh/lsms]
Series Information
The First Integrated Household Survey (IHS1) was designed by the NSO with technical assistance from the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the World Bank (WB) to provide a complete and integrated data set to better understand target groups of households affected by poverty. The IHS1 was conducted in Malawi from November 1997 through October 1998 and provided for a broad set of applications on policy issues regarding households' behaviour and welfare, distribution of income, employment, health and education. In 2003, the Government of Malawi decided to conduct the Second Integrated Household Survey (IHS2) in order to compare the current situation with the situation in 1997-98, and to collect more detailed information in specific areas. The IHS2 was implemented from March 2004 through March 2005. And, Third Integrated Household Survey (IHS3) was conducted by National Statistical Office (NSO) in March 2010-March 2011.
Abstract
The Integrated Household Survey is one of the primary instruments implemented by the Government of Malawi through the National Statistical Office (NSO) roughly every 5 years to monitor and evaluate the changing conditions of Malawian households. The IHS data have, among other insights, provided benchmark poverty and vulnerability indicators to foster evidence-based policy formulation and monitor the progress of meeting the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) as well as the goals listed as part of the Malawi Growth and Development Strategy (MGDS).
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Households
Scope
Notes
The 2010-2011 Third Integrated Household Survey covered the following topics:
HOUSEHOLD
- Household and Geographic Area Identification and Survey Information (data of interview, enumerator's and supervisors' codes, etc.)
- Household Roster
- Education
- Health
- Time Use and Labour
- Housing
- Food Consumption (over past one week)
- Food Security
- Non-food Expenditures - over past one week and one month
- Non-food Expenditures - over past three months
- Non-food Expenditures - over past 12 months
- Durables Goods
- Farm Implements, Machinery, and Structures
- Household Enterprises
- Children Living Elsewhere
- Other Income
- Gifts Given Out
- Social Safety Nets
- Credit
- Subjective Assessment of Well-being
- Shocks and Coping Strategies
- Child Anthropometry
- Deaths in Household
AGRICULTURE
- Plot Roster (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Plot Details (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Coupon Use (rainy season)
- Other Inputs (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Crops (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Seeds (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Sales/ Storage (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Tree/ Permanent Crop Production (last 12 months)
- Tree/ Permanent Crop Sales/ Storage (last 12 months)
- Livestock
- Livestock Products
- Access to Extension Services
- Network Roster
FISHERY
- Fisheries Calendar
- Fisheries Labor (last high season and last low season)
- Fisheries Inputs (last high season and last low season)
- Fisheries Output (last high season and last low season)
- Fish Trading (last high season and last low season)
COMMUNITY
- Roster of Informants
- Basic Information
- Economic Activities
- Agriculture
- Changes
- Community Needs, Actions and Achievements
- Communal Resource Management
- Communal Organization
- Prices
HOUSEHOLD
- Household and Geographic Area Identification and Survey Information (data of interview, enumerator's and supervisors' codes, etc.)
- Household Roster
- Education
- Health
- Time Use and Labour
- Housing
- Food Consumption (over past one week)
- Food Security
- Non-food Expenditures - over past one week and one month
- Non-food Expenditures - over past three months
- Non-food Expenditures - over past 12 months
- Durables Goods
- Farm Implements, Machinery, and Structures
- Household Enterprises
- Children Living Elsewhere
- Other Income
- Gifts Given Out
- Social Safety Nets
- Credit
- Subjective Assessment of Well-being
- Shocks and Coping Strategies
- Child Anthropometry
- Deaths in Household
AGRICULTURE
- Plot Roster (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Plot Details (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Coupon Use (rainy season)
- Other Inputs (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Crops (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Seeds (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Sales/ Storage (both for rainy season and dry (dimba) season)
- Tree/ Permanent Crop Production (last 12 months)
- Tree/ Permanent Crop Sales/ Storage (last 12 months)
- Livestock
- Livestock Products
- Access to Extension Services
- Network Roster
FISHERY
- Fisheries Calendar
- Fisheries Labor (last high season and last low season)
- Fisheries Inputs (last high season and last low season)
- Fisheries Output (last high season and last low season)
- Fish Trading (last high season and last low season)
COMMUNITY
- Roster of Informants
- Basic Information
- Economic Activities
- Agriculture
- Changes
- Community Needs, Actions and Achievements
- Communal Resource Management
- Communal Organization
- Prices
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Agriculture & Rural Development | FAO |
| Food (production, crisis) | FAO |
| Land (policy, resource management) | FAO |
| Access to Finance | FAO |
| Health | FAO |
| Nutrition | FAO |
| Poverty | FAO |
| Children & Youth | FAO |
| Gender | FAO |
| Animal health | FAO |
| Prices statistics | FAO |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National
Universe
Members of the following households are not eligible for inclusion in the survey:
- All people who live outside the selected EAs, whether in urban or rural areas.
- All residents of dwellings other than private dwellings, such as prisons, hospitals and army barracks.
- Members of the Malawian armed forces who reside within a military base. (If such individuals reside in private dwellings off the base, however, they should be included among the households eligible for random selection for the survey.)
- Non-Malawian diplomats, diplomatic staff, and members of their households. (However, note that non-Malawian residents who are not diplomats or diplomatic staff and are resident in private dwellings are eligible for inclusion in the survey. The survey is not restricted to Malawian citizens alone.)
- Non-Malawian tourists and others on vacation in Malawi.
- All people who live outside the selected EAs, whether in urban or rural areas.
- All residents of dwellings other than private dwellings, such as prisons, hospitals and army barracks.
- Members of the Malawian armed forces who reside within a military base. (If such individuals reside in private dwellings off the base, however, they should be included among the households eligible for random selection for the survey.)
- Non-Malawian diplomats, diplomatic staff, and members of their households. (However, note that non-Malawian residents who are not diplomats or diplomatic staff and are resident in private dwellings are eligible for inclusion in the survey. The survey is not restricted to Malawian citizens alone.)
- Non-Malawian tourists and others on vacation in Malawi.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Statistical Office (NSO) | Ministry of Economic Planning and Development (MoEPD) |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| The World Bank | Technical assistance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Government of Malawi | GoM | Financial support |
| World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study – Integrated Surveys on Agriculture project | WB LSMS-ISA project | Financial support |
| Norway | Financial support | |
| Irish Aid | Financial support | |
| Department for International Development | DFID | Financial support |
| Millennium Challenge Corporation | MCC | Financial support |
| German Development Corporation | GTZ | Financial support |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The IHS3 sampling frame is based on the listing information and cartography from the 2008 Malawi Population and Housing Census (PHC); includes the three major regions of Malawi, namely North, Center and South; and is stratified into rural and urban strata. The urban strata include the four major urban areas: Lilongwe City, Blantyre City, Mzuzu City, and the Municipality of Zomba. All other areas are considered as rural areas, and each of the 27 districts were considered as a separate sub-stratum as part of the main rural stratum. It was decided to exclude the island district of Likoma from the IHS3 sampling frame, since it only represents about 0.1% of the population of Malawi, and the corresponding cost of enumeration would be relatively high. The sampling frame further excludes the population living in institutions, such as hospitals, prisons and military barracks. Hence, the IHS3 strata are composed of 31 districts in Malawi. A stratified two-stage sample design was used for the IHS3. Note: Detailed sample design information is presented in the "Third Integrated Household Survey 2010-2011, Basic Information Document" document.
Deviations from the Sample Design
The total sample size for the IHS3 was 12,288 households sampled from a total of 768 EAs. At the end of the survey, a total of 12,271 households were interviewed. Of the 12,271 interviewed households, 688 were replacements (6 percent)
Response Rate
99.9 percent
Weighting
In order to analyse the data and produce accurate representativeness of the population, the sample variables must be weighted using the household sampling weights provided in each file as “hhwght”. As noted above, the IHS3 data are representative at the national, urban/rural, regional and district-level. The basic weight for each sample household is equal to the inverse of its probability of selection (calculated by multiplying the probabilities at each sampling stage). As indicated in the previous section, the IHS3 sample EAs were selected within each district with PPS from the 2008 PHC frame. At the second stage, 16 sample households were selected with equal probability from the listing for 33 each sample EA.
Note: Detailed weighting information is presented in the "Third Integrated Household Survey 2010-2011, Basic Information Document" document.
Note: Detailed weighting information is presented in the "Third Integrated Household Survey 2010-2011, Basic Information Document" document.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2010-03 | 2011-03 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data Entry:
Data Entry Clerks Each IHS3 field team was assigned 1 data entry clerk to process completed questionnaires at the team's field based residence. Each data entry clerk was issued a laptop with the CSPro based data entry application, a printer to produce error reports on entered questionnaire, and flash disks for transferring files. The field based data entry clerk's primary responsibilities included:
(1) receiving the completed questionnaires following the field supervisor's initial screening
(2) organizing and entering completed questionnaire in a timely manner
(3) generating and printing error reports for supervisor review
(4) modifying data after errors were resolved and authorized by the field supervisor
(5) managing data files and local data back-ups
The data entry clerk was responsible for beginning initial data entry upon receipt of questionnaires from the field and generating error reports as quickly as possible after interviews were complete in the EA. When long distance travel to an enumeration area by the field team was required and the field team was required to spend multiple days away from their field residence the data entry clerk was required to travel with the team in order to maintain data processing schedules. Field Based Data Entry and CAFE To better facilitate higher quality data and increase timely availability of data during the data capture process IHS3 utilized computer assisted field entry (CAFE). First data entry was conducted by field based data entry clerks immediately following completion of the team's daily field activities. Each team was equipped with 1 laptop computer for field based data entry using a CSPro-based application. The range and consistency checks built into the CSPro application was informed by the LSMS-ISA experience in Tanzania and Uganda, and the review of the IHS2 data. Prior programming of the data entry application allowed for a wide variety of range and consistency checks to be conducted and reported and potential issues investigated and corrected before closing the assigned enumeration area. Completed data was frequently relayed to the NSO central office in Zomba via email and tracked and processed upon receipt. Double Data Entry Double data entry was implemented by a team of data entry clerks based at the NSO central office. Electronic data and questionnaires received from the field were catalogued by the Data Manager and electronic data loaded onto a central server to enable data entry verification on networked computers.
Quality Checks:
To increase quality, the Data Entry Manager monitored the data verification staff and conducted quality assessments by randomly selecting processed questionnaires and comparing physical questionnaires to the result of double data entry. Data verification clerks were coached on inconsistencies when required. Data Cleaning The data cleaning process was done in several stages over the course of field work and through preliminary analysis. The first stage of data cleaning was conducted in the field by the field based field teams utilizing error reports produced by the data entry applications. Field supervisors collected reports for each enumeration area and household and in coordination with the enumerators reviewed, investigated, and collected errors. Due to the quick turn-around in error reporting, it was possible to conduct call backs while the team was still operating in the enumeration area when required. Corrections to the data were entered by the field based data entry clerk before transmitting data to the NSO central office. Upon receipt of the data from the field, module and cross module checks were performed using Stata to identify systematic issues and, where applicable, field teams were asked to investigate, revise and resend data for questionnaires still in their possession. Revised data files were catalogued and then replaced previous version of the data. After data verification by the headquarters' double data entry team, data from the first data entry and second data entry were compared. Cases that revealed large inconsistencies between the first and second data entry, specifically large amounts of missing case level data in the second data entry relative to the first data entry were completely re-entered. Further, variable specific inconsistency reports were generated and investigated and corrected by the double data entry team. Additional cleaning was performed after the double data entry team cleaning activities where appropriate to resolve systematic errors and organize data modules for consistency and efficient use. Case by case cleaning was also performed during the preliminary analysis specifically pertaining to out of range and outlier variables. All cleaning activities were conducted in collaboration with the WB staff providing technical assistance to the NSO in the design and implementation of the IHS3.
Data Entry Clerks Each IHS3 field team was assigned 1 data entry clerk to process completed questionnaires at the team's field based residence. Each data entry clerk was issued a laptop with the CSPro based data entry application, a printer to produce error reports on entered questionnaire, and flash disks for transferring files. The field based data entry clerk's primary responsibilities included:
(1) receiving the completed questionnaires following the field supervisor's initial screening
(2) organizing and entering completed questionnaire in a timely manner
(3) generating and printing error reports for supervisor review
(4) modifying data after errors were resolved and authorized by the field supervisor
(5) managing data files and local data back-ups
The data entry clerk was responsible for beginning initial data entry upon receipt of questionnaires from the field and generating error reports as quickly as possible after interviews were complete in the EA. When long distance travel to an enumeration area by the field team was required and the field team was required to spend multiple days away from their field residence the data entry clerk was required to travel with the team in order to maintain data processing schedules. Field Based Data Entry and CAFE To better facilitate higher quality data and increase timely availability of data during the data capture process IHS3 utilized computer assisted field entry (CAFE). First data entry was conducted by field based data entry clerks immediately following completion of the team's daily field activities. Each team was equipped with 1 laptop computer for field based data entry using a CSPro-based application. The range and consistency checks built into the CSPro application was informed by the LSMS-ISA experience in Tanzania and Uganda, and the review of the IHS2 data. Prior programming of the data entry application allowed for a wide variety of range and consistency checks to be conducted and reported and potential issues investigated and corrected before closing the assigned enumeration area. Completed data was frequently relayed to the NSO central office in Zomba via email and tracked and processed upon receipt. Double Data Entry Double data entry was implemented by a team of data entry clerks based at the NSO central office. Electronic data and questionnaires received from the field were catalogued by the Data Manager and electronic data loaded onto a central server to enable data entry verification on networked computers.
Quality Checks:
To increase quality, the Data Entry Manager monitored the data verification staff and conducted quality assessments by randomly selecting processed questionnaires and comparing physical questionnaires to the result of double data entry. Data verification clerks were coached on inconsistencies when required. Data Cleaning The data cleaning process was done in several stages over the course of field work and through preliminary analysis. The first stage of data cleaning was conducted in the field by the field based field teams utilizing error reports produced by the data entry applications. Field supervisors collected reports for each enumeration area and household and in coordination with the enumerators reviewed, investigated, and collected errors. Due to the quick turn-around in error reporting, it was possible to conduct call backs while the team was still operating in the enumeration area when required. Corrections to the data were entered by the field based data entry clerk before transmitting data to the NSO central office. Upon receipt of the data from the field, module and cross module checks were performed using Stata to identify systematic issues and, where applicable, field teams were asked to investigate, revise and resend data for questionnaires still in their possession. Revised data files were catalogued and then replaced previous version of the data. After data verification by the headquarters' double data entry team, data from the first data entry and second data entry were compared. Cases that revealed large inconsistencies between the first and second data entry, specifically large amounts of missing case level data in the second data entry relative to the first data entry were completely re-entered. Further, variable specific inconsistency reports were generated and investigated and corrected by the double data entry team. Additional cleaning was performed after the double data entry team cleaning activities where appropriate to resolve systematic errors and organize data modules for consistency and efficient use. Case by case cleaning was also performed during the preliminary analysis specifically pertaining to out of range and outlier variables. All cleaning activities were conducted in collaboration with the WB staff providing technical assistance to the NSO in the design and implementation of the IHS3.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Statistical Office | Ministry of Economic Planning and Development (MoEPD) | [email protected] | Link |
| LSMS Data Manager | The World Bank | [email protected] | surveys.worldbank.org/lsms |
Confidentiality
https://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/terms-of-use
Access conditions
In receiving these data it is recognized that the data are supplied for use within my organization, and I agree to the following stipulations as conditions for the use of the data: 1. The data are supplied solely for the use described in this form and will not be made available to other organizations or individuals. Other organizations or individuals may request the data directly. 2. Three copies of all publications, conference papers, or other research reports based entirely or in part upon the requested data will be supplied to: Commissioner Charles Machinjili National Statistical Office Chimbiya Road P.O. Box 333 Zomba, Malawi Tel: +265 (0) 1 524 377/111 Fax: +265 (0) 1 525 130 e-mail: [email protected] web site: www.nso.malawi.net AND The World Bank Development Economics Research Group LSMS Database Administrator MSN MC3-306 1818 H Street, NW Washington, DC 20433, USA tel: (202) 473-9041 fax: (202) 522-1153 e-mail: [email protected] 3. The researcher will refer to the Malawi 2010-2011 IHS3 Survey as the source of the information in all publications, conference papers, and manuscripts. At the same time, the World Bank is not responsable for the estimations reported by the analyst(s). 4. Users will not use the location information to reveal the identity of survey respondents 5. Users will not publish results (map or other form) that would allow communities or individuals to be identified 6. Users who download the data may not pass the data to third parties. 7. The database cannot be used for commercial ends, nor can it be sold.
Citation requirements
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include: - the Identification of the Primary Investigator - the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation) - the survey reference number - the source and date of download
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_MWI_2010-2011_IHS-W3_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_FAO
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office of Chief Statistician | OCS | Food and Agriculture Organization | Adoption of metadata for FAM |
| Development Economics Data Group | DECDG | The World Bank | Ducumentation of the DDI |
DDI Document version
MWI_2010-2011_IHS-W3_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_v01