Census of Agriculture, 2007-2008
El Salvador, 2007 - 2008
Reference ID
SLV_2007-2008_CA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Producer(s)
General Directorate of Statistics and Censuses (DIGESTYC)
Collections
Metadata
Created on
Nov 16, 2020
Last modified
Nov 16, 2020
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Identification
Survey ID Number
SLV_2007-2008_CA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Title
Census of Agriculture, 2007-2008
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| El Salvador | SLV |
Study type
Agricultural Census [ag/census]
Series Information
El Salvador conducted its first agricultural census in 1950, followed by other two agricultural censuses carried out in 1961 and 1971. After 36 years, the country conducted its fourth Census of Agriculture (CA) in 2007-2008,1 within the framework of the 2010 WCA round.
Abstract
The SIGE Technical Committee carried out an evaluation of the methodologies, procedures, processing and results of the IV Agricultural Census 2007 carried out by the Census Office of El Salvador of the Ministry of Economy and of the Multipurpose Surveys disseminated by the General Directorate of Agricultural Economics (DGEA) of the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock, in order to identify the reasons that explain the significant discrepancies between its results and to make a proposal to the Consultative Committee on the officialization of the Census results.After the evaluation, the Technical Committee found that the results of the IV Agricultural Census were affected by difficulties and deficiencies in its implementation process, standing out among the most relevant ones:
i. The Census was carried out outside of the current institutional framework and did not have a broad inter-institutional committee (DGEA-Censuses), nor the support of a specialized external agency, such as the FAO, which would give neutrality and greater credibility to the process;
ii. The coverage of the census was affected by a high rate of omission of 10.9%, which was estimated by the project implementation team itself; nor was there a timely publicity campaign to reduce non-response;
iii. The quality of the census was negatively affected by the high turnover of staff who were unmotivated by inadequate treatment and salaries that did not compensate for the costs of staying in the rural areas of the interior of the country; this meant that the methodology staff invested excessive time in the successive training of new staff, neglecting monitoring tasks. These deficiencies were contrasted with the technical elements that made the Census process rigorous, and with the general characteristics of the design of the DGEA Surveys.
i. The Census was carried out outside of the current institutional framework and did not have a broad inter-institutional committee (DGEA-Censuses), nor the support of a specialized external agency, such as the FAO, which would give neutrality and greater credibility to the process;
ii. The coverage of the census was affected by a high rate of omission of 10.9%, which was estimated by the project implementation team itself; nor was there a timely publicity campaign to reduce non-response;
iii. The quality of the census was negatively affected by the high turnover of staff who were unmotivated by inadequate treatment and salaries that did not compensate for the costs of staying in the rural areas of the interior of the country; this meant that the methodology staff invested excessive time in the successive training of new staff, neglecting monitoring tasks. These deficiencies were contrasted with the technical elements that made the Census process rigorous, and with the general characteristics of the design of the DGEA Surveys.
Kind of Data
Census/enumeration data [cen]
Unit of Analysis
Households
Scope
Notes
The scope of the study includes:
Section 1: Identification of the producer and the farm
Section 2: Management and use of the farm area
Section 3: Basic grains
Section 4: Storage capacity
Section 5: Vegetables
Section 6: Annual agro-industrial crops
Section 7: Semi-permanent and permanent agro-industries
Section 8: Fruit trees
Section 9: Coffee
Section 10 Nurseries and greenhouses
Section 11: Forestry
Section 12: Organic crops
Section 13: Animal husbandry
Section 14: Other livestock activities
Section 15: Inputs and practices used
Section 16: Machinery, equipment and facilities
Section 17: Technical assistance
Section 18: Credit
Section 19: Agricultural employment
Section 20: Marketing
Section 21: Yard production
Section 1: Identification of the producer and the farm
Section 2: Management and use of the farm area
Section 3: Basic grains
Section 4: Storage capacity
Section 5: Vegetables
Section 6: Annual agro-industrial crops
Section 7: Semi-permanent and permanent agro-industries
Section 8: Fruit trees
Section 9: Coffee
Section 10 Nurseries and greenhouses
Section 11: Forestry
Section 12: Organic crops
Section 13: Animal husbandry
Section 14: Other livestock activities
Section 15: Inputs and practices used
Section 16: Machinery, equipment and facilities
Section 17: Technical assistance
Section 18: Credit
Section 19: Agricultural employment
Section 20: Marketing
Section 21: Yard production
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Agriculture & Rural Development | FAO |
| Food (production, crisis) | FAO |
| Land (policy, resource management) | FAO |
| Livestock | FAO |
| Forests & Forestry | FAO |
| Access to Finance | FAO |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National coverage
Universe
The statistical unit was the agricultural holding, an economic unit of production that carries out crop, livestock production or aquaculture activities, constituted of one or more plots located in the same municipality, and that can be managed by a person or a group of persons (civil or juridical). Three types of holdings were distinguished: holdings with (i) commercial producers; (ii) subsistence producers; or (iii) production obtained in gardens, aimed mainly for family consumption.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| General Directorate of Statistics and Censuses (DIGESTYC) | Ministry of Economy (MINEC) |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Ministry of Agriculture | Technical assistance |
| Directorate of Agricultural Economics | Technical assistance |
| Food and Agriculture Organization | Technical assistance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Government of Japan | Funding | |
| Inter-American Development Bank | IADB | Funding |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
i. Methodological modality for conducting the census
The classical approach was used for conducting the census.
ii. Frame
Prior to the census, a directory of large holdings was elaborated from administrative registers. A second list of agricultural holders living in urban areas was established, according to the information collected during the Population Census (PC) carried out in 2007 (the PC included a specific question about agricultural activities in the household). As a result, 22 509 agricultural households in 2 069 urban "segments" (PC) were listed.
iii. Complete and/or sample enumeration method(s)
The CA 2007/2008 combined complete enumeration and sampling. Rural areas (6 218 "segments") were canvassed and all segments were covered. Inside the segments, all commercial holdings were enumerated. Subsistence holdings and holdings with only backyard production were sampled at a rate of 20 percent (using systematic random sampling, or SRS). The holders to be interviewed were selected during the fieldwork by applying a filter form to all households in rural areas.
iv. Sample design
Given the small proportion of holders living in urban areas (estimated at less than 2.5 percent) the 6 208 urban "segments" from the recent PC were classified in two groups: 4 139 segments (66.7 percent) with no agricultural holder living in them and 2 069 with some holders, covering 22 509 agricultural households in urban areas. Four strata were defined;2 sampling rates of 20 percent, 30 percent, 100 percent and 8.5 percent respectively were applied to select the segments. Afterwards, the selected segments were canvassed and the filter form applied to every household in the segment. All households with commercial agriculture (in urban areas) were enumerated and households with subsistence agriculture or backyard production (in urban areas) were subsampled at a rate of 20 percent (using SRS).
The classical approach was used for conducting the census.
ii. Frame
Prior to the census, a directory of large holdings was elaborated from administrative registers. A second list of agricultural holders living in urban areas was established, according to the information collected during the Population Census (PC) carried out in 2007 (the PC included a specific question about agricultural activities in the household). As a result, 22 509 agricultural households in 2 069 urban "segments" (PC) were listed.
iii. Complete and/or sample enumeration method(s)
The CA 2007/2008 combined complete enumeration and sampling. Rural areas (6 218 "segments") were canvassed and all segments were covered. Inside the segments, all commercial holdings were enumerated. Subsistence holdings and holdings with only backyard production were sampled at a rate of 20 percent (using systematic random sampling, or SRS). The holders to be interviewed were selected during the fieldwork by applying a filter form to all households in rural areas.
iv. Sample design
Given the small proportion of holders living in urban areas (estimated at less than 2.5 percent) the 6 208 urban "segments" from the recent PC were classified in two groups: 4 139 segments (66.7 percent) with no agricultural holder living in them and 2 069 with some holders, covering 22 509 agricultural households in urban areas. Four strata were defined;2 sampling rates of 20 percent, 30 percent, 100 percent and 8.5 percent respectively were applied to select the segments. Afterwards, the selected segments were canvassed and the filter form applied to every household in the segment. All households with commercial agriculture (in urban areas) were enumerated and households with subsistence agriculture or backyard production (in urban areas) were subsampled at a rate of 20 percent (using SRS).
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2007-10 | 2008-03 | Data collection |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
Four types of forms for data collection were used:
(i) listing form
(ii) listing quality control at segment level
(iii) commercial form
(iv) subsistence form
All 16 core items recommended by the WCA 2010 were included in the questionnaire for commercial holdings, which included specific sections dedicated to aquaculture, agricultural practices, manpower, livestock and food security. The core items are:
0001 Identification and location of agricultural holding
0002+ Legal status of agricultural holder
0003 Sex of agricultural holder
0004 Age of agricultural holder
0005 Household size
0006 Main purpose of production of the holding
0007 Area of holding according to land use types
0008 Total area of holding
0009 Land tenure types on the holding
0010 Presence of irrigation on the holding
0011 Types of temporary crops on the holding
0012 Types of permanent crops on the holding and whether in compact plantation
0013 Number of animals on the holding for each livestock type
0014 Presence of aquaculture on the holding
0015+ Presence of forest and other wooded land on the holding
0016 Other economic production activities of the holding's enterprise
(i) listing form
(ii) listing quality control at segment level
(iii) commercial form
(iv) subsistence form
All 16 core items recommended by the WCA 2010 were included in the questionnaire for commercial holdings, which included specific sections dedicated to aquaculture, agricultural practices, manpower, livestock and food security. The core items are:
0001 Identification and location of agricultural holding
0002+ Legal status of agricultural holder
0003 Sex of agricultural holder
0004 Age of agricultural holder
0005 Household size
0006 Main purpose of production of the holding
0007 Area of holding according to land use types
0008 Total area of holding
0009 Land tenure types on the holding
0010 Presence of irrigation on the holding
0011 Types of temporary crops on the holding
0012 Types of permanent crops on the holding and whether in compact plantation
0013 Number of animals on the holding for each livestock type
0014 Presence of aquaculture on the holding
0015+ Presence of forest and other wooded land on the holding
0016 Other economic production activities of the holding's enterprise
Data Processing
Data Editing
1. DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING
Manual data entry was used for data capture.
2. CENSUS DATA QUALITY
A Post-enumeration Survey (PES) was conducted to assess the census quality. A systematic sample of 5 percent of census segments was taken. All segments in the sample were completely re-enumerated by means of a specific form. The rate of undercoverage was 10.9 percent. The comparison of census data with external data (such as estimates from MoA) showed that there were large discrepancies for several parameters. A special commission to reconcile the figures was formed in April 2009 and only partial results were delivered until the reconciliation had taken place.
Manual data entry was used for data capture.
2. CENSUS DATA QUALITY
A Post-enumeration Survey (PES) was conducted to assess the census quality. A systematic sample of 5 percent of census segments was taken. All segments in the sample were completely re-enumerated by means of a specific form. The rate of undercoverage was 10.9 percent. The comparison of census data with external data (such as estimates from MoA) showed that there were large discrepancies for several parameters. A special commission to reconcile the figures was formed in April 2009 and only partial results were delivered until the reconciliation had taken place.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| General Directorate of Statistics and Censuses | [email protected] | Link |
Confidentiality
The users shall not take any action with the purpose of identifying any individual entity (i.e. person, household, enterprise, etc.) in the micro dataset(s). If such a disclosure is made inadvertently, no use will be made of the information, and it will be reported immediately to FAO
Access conditions
CONTACT:
General Directorate of Statistics and Censuses,
Ministry of Economy,
El Salvador
Telephone: (+503) 25902100
General Directorate of Statistics and Censuses,
Ministry of Economy,
El Salvador
Telephone: (+503) 25902100
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_SLV_2007-2008_CA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_FAO
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office of chief Statistician | OCS | Food and Agriculture Organization | Adoption of metadata for FAM |
| Census team, Statistics Division | ESS | Food and Agriculture Organization | Metadata producer |
DDI Document version
SLV_2007-2008_CA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_v01