Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis, 2018
Rwanda, 2018
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Reference ID
RWA_2018_CFSVA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Producer(s)
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
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Identification
Survey ID Number
RWA_2018_CFSVA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS
Title
Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis, 2018
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Rwanda | RWA |
Study type
Living Standards Measurement Study [hh/lsms]
Series Information
This CFSVA 2018 is the fifth time that this type of survey has been conducted in Rwanda. The previous analyses took place in 2006, 2009, 2012, and 2015 under the overall leadership of the National Institute of Statistics Rwanda. The results of this CFSVA highlight the continuing positive trends from previous studies, namely that since 2006, Rwanda has taken great strides in reducing poverty and malnutrition in the country.
Abstract
The Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis (CFSVA) 2018 measures the extent and depth of food and nutrition insecurity in Rwanda, observes trends over time, and analyses the socioeconomic and demographic determinants linked to food and nutrition insecurity. The report provides insight into the following key questions:
1. Who are the people currently facing food insecurity and malnutrition?
2. How many are they?
3. Where do they live?
4. Why are they food insecure and/or malnourished?
5. How can food assistance and other interventions make a difference in reducing food insecurity and malnutrition and in supporting livelihoods?
1. Who are the people currently facing food insecurity and malnutrition?
2. How many are they?
3. Where do they live?
4. Why are they food insecure and/or malnourished?
5. How can food assistance and other interventions make a difference in reducing food insecurity and malnutrition and in supporting livelihoods?
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Households
Scope
Notes
The scope of the 2018 Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis includes:
Village: Topics covered included community infrastructure, market information, agricultural crop calendar, shocks and received assistance. This information was used to contextualize the results from the household questionnaire.
Household: The study gathered information through household questionnaires that included sections on demographics, housing and facilities, assets and access to credit, agriculture, livelihoods, expenditures, food consumption and sources, shocks, coping strategies and assistance.
Women and child: A questionnaire was administered to women of reproductive age (15-49 years old) including questions regarding pregnancy, health, hygiene and food consumption. Questions asked regarding children under 5 years covered the topics of breastfeeding, health and supplements. In addition, for children between 6 and 24 months a section on infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) was included.
Village: Topics covered included community infrastructure, market information, agricultural crop calendar, shocks and received assistance. This information was used to contextualize the results from the household questionnaire.
Household: The study gathered information through household questionnaires that included sections on demographics, housing and facilities, assets and access to credit, agriculture, livelihoods, expenditures, food consumption and sources, shocks, coping strategies and assistance.
Women and child: A questionnaire was administered to women of reproductive age (15-49 years old) including questions regarding pregnancy, health, hygiene and food consumption. Questions asked regarding children under 5 years covered the topics of breastfeeding, health and supplements. In addition, for children between 6 and 24 months a section on infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) was included.
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National coverage
Universe
Household members
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning |
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources | Government of Rwanda | Technical assistance |
| United Nations World Food Programme | International Organisation | Technical, logistical and financial coordination |
| Ministry of Local Government | Government of Rwanda | CFSVA technical committee |
| Ministry of Health | Government of Rwanda | CFSVA technical committee |
| National Early Childhood Development Programme | Ministry of Gender and Family Promotion | CFSVA technical committee |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Government of Rwanda | GoR | Financial support |
| European Union | EU | Financial support |
| United States Agency for International Development | USAID | Financial support |
| United Nations International Children Emergency Fund | UNICEF | Financial support |
| World Food Programme | WFP | Financial support |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ministry of Health | Government of Rwanda | Technical committee member |
| Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | Government of Rwanda | Financial assistance |
| Ministry of Local Government and Administration | Government of Rwanda | Technical committee member |
| The Heads of the Households | Local Government | responses |
| The WFP team in HQ and the Regional Bureau | International Organisation | Financial assistance |
| Ministry of Disaster Management and Refugee Affairs | Government of Rwanda | Technical committee member |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
Rwanda is administratively divided into four provinces (Northern Province, Southern Province, Eastern Province and Western Province) plus Kigali City and a total of 30 districts. Districts are further divided in sectors and cells.
To facilitate comparison with existing studies, the CFSVA 2018 was designed to provide statistically representative and precise information at the district level. In addition, it was decided to include both urban and rural households and not to exclude the capital province Kigali. The sampling frame was organized according to the 30 districts. Subsequently, a two-stage cluster sample procedure was applied.
In the first stage, 30 villages per district were randomly selected with probability to be selected proportional to the population size. In the second stage, ten households in each of the 30 villages in the 30 provinces were selected for participation in the survey. A systematic random sampling technique was chosen for this stage. The team leader, together with the village head, listed all households in the village. Based on this list, a systematic random sample was utilized to pick ten households to be interviewed and three reserve households should any of the first ten households be missing at the time of the interview or not agree to participate. Households were eligible for participation in the assessment if living in one of the selected villages at the time of the interviews. Thus, ten households, from 30 villages, from 30 provinces were chosen to participate in the survey, amounting up to 9000 households.
To facilitate comparison with existing studies, the CFSVA 2018 was designed to provide statistically representative and precise information at the district level. In addition, it was decided to include both urban and rural households and not to exclude the capital province Kigali. The sampling frame was organized according to the 30 districts. Subsequently, a two-stage cluster sample procedure was applied.
In the first stage, 30 villages per district were randomly selected with probability to be selected proportional to the population size. In the second stage, ten households in each of the 30 villages in the 30 provinces were selected for participation in the survey. A systematic random sampling technique was chosen for this stage. The team leader, together with the village head, listed all households in the village. Based on this list, a systematic random sample was utilized to pick ten households to be interviewed and three reserve households should any of the first ten households be missing at the time of the interview or not agree to participate. Households were eligible for participation in the assessment if living in one of the selected villages at the time of the interviews. Thus, ten households, from 30 villages, from 30 provinces were chosen to participate in the survey, amounting up to 9000 households.
Weighting
Taking into consideration the two-stage cluster sampling methodology described above, adjustment weights were computed to provide results representative at country level. The household probability of being selected in the sample is equal to the product of a household’s probability of being selected in a village by the probability of the village being sampled. The inverse of this probability is the design weight. The design weight was adjusted for the expected and actual number of households in the surveyed villages and was used in the complex sample calculations. The design weight was divided by the product of the total number of households in the population divided by the number of sampled households. The resulting weight was used in all non-complex sample analyses.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2018-03-01 | 2018-04-05 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face paper [f2f]
Data Collection Notes
Primary data collection took place over six weeks from end-February to mid-March 2018 which coincide with the season A post-harvest season.
Survey preparation: The survey protocol was cleared by the National Ethics Committee, and a visa request was approved by the National Institute of Statistics.
Selection of enumerators and team leaders: Survey team members all had previous experience in similar food security and nutrition surveys. The training included 20-30% more personnel than finally recruited for the actual data collection, this allowed the coordination team to select the best enumerators based on their performance during the training. Also reserve enumerators could be called upon if any selected enumerators defaulted. The training consisted of 6 full days of classroom instruction and practice and 1 day of pre-testing of all survey procedures. The assessment managers ensured that all enumerators were fully aware of the enrolment and consent process as well as of inclusion and exclusion criteria for households.
During data collection: For each selected village, team leaders recorded the following information; 1) number of households in the village, reasons (if any) for skipping the households, contact details of village authorities and number of women/children measured in each household. These data will allow calculation of response rates and the determination of reasons for non-response.
A mobile phone communication system was put in place between each team leader, survey supervisor and the survey coordination team. Tips and revised procedures were communicated immediately to all survey teams by sms.
Survey preparation: The survey protocol was cleared by the National Ethics Committee, and a visa request was approved by the National Institute of Statistics.
Selection of enumerators and team leaders: Survey team members all had previous experience in similar food security and nutrition surveys. The training included 20-30% more personnel than finally recruited for the actual data collection, this allowed the coordination team to select the best enumerators based on their performance during the training. Also reserve enumerators could be called upon if any selected enumerators defaulted. The training consisted of 6 full days of classroom instruction and practice and 1 day of pre-testing of all survey procedures. The assessment managers ensured that all enumerators were fully aware of the enrolment and consent process as well as of inclusion and exclusion criteria for households.
During data collection: For each selected village, team leaders recorded the following information; 1) number of households in the village, reasons (if any) for skipping the households, contact details of village authorities and number of women/children measured in each household. These data will allow calculation of response rates and the determination of reasons for non-response.
A mobile phone communication system was put in place between each team leader, survey supervisor and the survey coordination team. Tips and revised procedures were communicated immediately to all survey teams by sms.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | NISR | MINECOFIN |
| World Food Program | WFP | UN |
| Ministry of Agriculture and Annimal Resource | MINAGRI | GoR |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
Three instruments were used for primary data collection: a community survey administered to key informants, a household survey administered to randomly selected households and a mother and child questionnaire administered to women of reproductive age in the households. The instruments were first developed in English and subsequently translated into Kinyarwanda. Tablets programmed with the questionnaires using the Open Data Kit (ODK) were used for the data collection.
Village Questionnaire:
For each visited village, key informants were gathered in a group and interviewed with a structured questionnaire. The participants normally consisted of village leaders, members of local government, teachers, health workers and farmers. In total, 749 village interviews were conducted. Topics covered included community infrastructure, market information, agricultural crop calendar, shocks and received assistance. This information was used to contextualize the results from the household questionnaire.
Household Questionnaire:
The study gathered information through household questionnaires that included sections on demographics, housing and facilities, assets and access to credit, agriculture, livelihoods, expenditures, food consumption and sources, shocks, coping strategies and assistance. In total, 9000 households participated in the survey.
Women and Child Questionnaire:
A questionnaire was administered to women of reproductive age (15-49 years old) including questions regarding pregnancy, health, hygiene and food consumption. Questions asked regarding children under 5 years covered the topics of breastfeeding, health and supplements. In addition, for children between 6 and 24 months a section on infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) was included.
Village Questionnaire:
For each visited village, key informants were gathered in a group and interviewed with a structured questionnaire. The participants normally consisted of village leaders, members of local government, teachers, health workers and farmers. In total, 749 village interviews were conducted. Topics covered included community infrastructure, market information, agricultural crop calendar, shocks and received assistance. This information was used to contextualize the results from the household questionnaire.
Household Questionnaire:
The study gathered information through household questionnaires that included sections on demographics, housing and facilities, assets and access to credit, agriculture, livelihoods, expenditures, food consumption and sources, shocks, coping strategies and assistance. In total, 9000 households participated in the survey.
Women and Child Questionnaire:
A questionnaire was administered to women of reproductive age (15-49 years old) including questions regarding pregnancy, health, hygiene and food consumption. Questions asked regarding children under 5 years covered the topics of breastfeeding, health and supplements. In addition, for children between 6 and 24 months a section on infant and young child feeding practices (IYCF) was included.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | [email protected] | www.statistics.gov.rw |
Confidentiality
Confidentiality of respondents is guaranteed by law N° 45/2013 OF 16/06/2013 in it's article 17, before being granted access to the dataset , all users have to formally agree:
1. To make no copies of any files or portions of files to which s/he is granted access except those authorized by the data depositor.
2. Not to use any technique in an attempt to learn the identity of ny person, establishment, or sampling unit not identified on public use data files.
3. To hold in strictest confidence the identification of any establishment or individual that may be inadvertently revealed in any documents ordiscussion, oranalysis. Such inadvertent identification revealed in her/his analysis will be immediate brought to the attention of the data.
Access conditions
See https://microdata.statistics.gov.rw/
Citation requirements
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR), Comprehensive Food Security and Vulnerability Analysis 2018, December 2018
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | [email protected] | www.statistics.gov.rw |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Copyright
(c) 2016, National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_RWA_2018_CFSVA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_FAO
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Office of Chief Statistician | OCS | Food and Agriculture Organization | Metadata adapted for FAM |
| National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda | NISR | Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning | Metadata producer |
DDI Document version
RWA_2018_CFSVA_v01_EN_M_v01_A_OCS_v01