Essential Need Assessment 2019

The context: The food crises following the poor agricultural seasons of 2011/2012, 2014/2015 and 2017/2018 are perfect illustrations. The recurrence of climatic shocks accentuates the vulnerability of the populations, particularly those in the North, who are the most exposed because they are at the heart of the Sahelian strip. In addition to the northern departments, some departments in the east and south also show recurrent vulnerability, especially with the climatic disruptions observed in recent years, which could considerably affect the standard of living of households in these areas. These are essentially the departments of Bambey, Gossas, Koungheul, Salémata, Medina Yoro Foulah, Linguère, Kanel, Matam, Ranérou, Podor, Sédhiou, Goudiry, Koumpentoum and Tambacounda, located in the regions of Diourbel, Fatick, Kaffrine, Kédougou, Kolda, Louga, Matam, Saint-Louis, Sédhiou and Tambacounda

The universe: The survey covers rural areas in 14 departments of Senegal.

Objectives: The aim of this survey is to determine the needs of different groups of households in order to assess the value of the minimum expenditure basket for multi-sectoral cash transfers to households. More specifically, this involves

• determining the socio-economic profile of households
• determining the monetary and non-monetary needs of households in the different sectors selected
• determining the sources of income and the amounts generated by these sources
• determining the contributions of households' own income to the minimum expenditure basket,
• determining the value of the minimum expenditure basket,
• Support the targeting of multi-sectoral interventions by identifying economically vulnerable people,
• Support decisions on the values of transfer amounts by identifying gaps for food and non-food needs, including support to multi-sectoral coordination (government, partners and donors),
• inform the scope of a thorough analysis of the supply of key goods and services, which will inform the appropriate modality for the sectors to be covered by the intervention,
• Establish a baseline for monitoring food security and poverty outcomes by analysing expenditure trends against the minimum expenditure basket (MEB).

Themes: Household livelihoods and economic vulnerability analysis, food consumption, shocks and coping strategies, prevalence of food insecurity and gender and food security.

Indicators: Economic capacity to meet basic needs (ECMEN1), livelihoods and coping strategies (LCS2), multi-dimensional derivation index (MDDI3), debt, felt needs (based on HESPER). These indicators complement the food security indicators: food consumption score, dietary diversity score, reduced coping strategies index and livelihoods-based coping strategies.