Agricultural Census 2020
Sweden, 2020
Get MicrodataIdentification
SWE_2020_JU_v01_M_v01_A_ESS
Agricultural Census 2020
Jordbruksekonomiska undersökningen 2020
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Sweden | SWE |
Agricultural Census [ag/census]
Sweden participated in all WCA rounds since 1930, except for the 1990 round. The Agricultural Census (JU, Jordbruksekonomiska undersökningen) 2020 was the eighth census conducted in the country.
The agricultural census is a census of all agricultural holdings that takes place every ten years. It is part of an EU-wide programme of agricultural censuses carried out in 2020 under EU Regulation 2018/1091 on integrated farm statistics and conducted under the World Programme for the Census of Agriculture (https://www.fao.org/world-census-agriculture/en/).
Census/enumeration data [cen]
Agricultural holdings
Scope
The census scope covered agricultural (crop and livestock production) activities.
The questionnaire collected information on:
- Land Use
- Livestock and Poultry
- Other Gainful Activities
- Labour
Coverage
The Agricultural Census 2020 covered the entire country.
The statistical unit was the agricultural holding, defined as a single unit, both technically and economically, that has a single management and that undertakes economic activities in agriculture in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 1893/2006 belonging to groups A.01.1, A.01.2, A.01.3, A.01.4, A.01.5 or to the "maintenance of agricultural land in good agricultural and environmental condition" of group A.01.6 within the economic territory of the Union, either as its primary or secondary activity, as it is stated in the Regulation (EU) No. 2018/1091 of the European Parliament and of the Council on integrated agricultural statistics. Regarding activities of class A.01.49, only the activities "Raising and breeding of semi-domesticated or other live animals" (except for raising of insects) and "Beekeeping and production of honey and beeswax" were included.
The Agricultural Census 2020 considered the following thresholds for agricultural holdings:
- 5 ha of UAA
- 2 ha of arable land - outdoor, fruits, berries and nuts (excluding citrus fruits, grapes and strawberries) - outdoor, nurseries - outdoor, or short rotation coppice areas
- 0.25 ha of fresh vegetables (including melons) and strawberries - outdoor, flowers and ornamental plants (excluding nurseries) - outdoor, permanent crops (including young and temporarily abandoned plantations, excluding areas producing for own consumption only) - outdoor
- 0.02 ha of UAA - under glass or high accessible cover
- 10 cattle or breeding sows, live weight 50 kg or over
- 50 pigs
- 20 sheep
- 1 000 poultry
Producers and sponsors
| Name |
|---|
| Swedish Board of Agriculture (Jordbruksverket), Statistics Division |
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| European Union | EU | co-funder |
Sampling
The Agricultural Census 2020 comprised a core module and three thematic modules on labour force and other gainful activities, rural development, and animal housing and manure management. Some census data for the core module, and all census data related to the thematic modules on rural development and animal housing and manure management were collected directly from administrative registers.
The statistical farm register, used since 1968 as a frame for different agricultural surveys, was the list frame for the Agricultural Census 2020. It consisted of holdings from the FSS 2016 updated with information from holdings in the livestock survey for the years 2018 and 2019, and holdings applying for subsidies in 2018, 2019 and 2020 from the Integrated Administration and Control System (IACS). The frame was also updated with information from the poultry-, sheep- and pig registers. The last update of the frame was conducted in April 2020. The IACS was combined with the cattle register, and the last known value for other animal and horticulture production.
The Agricultural Census 2020 used a combination of complete and sample enumeration. The core and the rural development modules were collected using complete enumeration, while data for the supplementary thematic modules referred to labour force and other gainful activities, and animal housing and manure management were collected using sample enumeration.
In the Agricultural Census 2020, the sample was selected using a one-stage stratified random sample. The stratification variables were size, location, specialization, and legal status of the holdings. The sample size of 21 000 holdings was determined by doing six different Neyman allocations based on six different variables (pasture, livestock units, sheep, cattle, cereals, and pigs). In each strata the highest sample size was chosen based on the six allocations. The total sample size was iterated until all relative standard error requirements were met according to Annex V of Regulation (EU) 2018/1091. Large holdings that met criteria mostly based on area and on the number of livestock were selected using complete enumeration. Sampling weights were adjusted for non-response. Sample was selected using SAS software.
Survey instrument
The Agricultural Census 2020 used three questionnaires. The questionnaires included variables that could not be obtained from administrative registers. The shorter questionnaire (L) was sent to 41 000 agricultural holdings. It included pre-printed general information on the holding, and questions on agricultural area and livestock. The longer questionnaires (SJ and SF) were sent to the rest of the population and included questions on labour force and other gainful activities. The SJ questionnaire was sent to 3 400 juridical agricultural holdings and the SF to 19 600 larger agricultural holdings. The questionnaires covered 16 out of 23 essential items recommended in the WCA 2020.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2020-05 | 2020-11 |
Reference day: 4 June 2020, for livestock and animal housing.
Reference periods:
- from 1 November 2019 to 31 October 2020, for land use and crops.
- from 1 June 2019 to 31 May 2020, for irrigation and soil management practices, labour force, manure management, all other variables.
- from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2020, for rural development measures.
- Mail Questionnaire [mail], Computer Assisted Web Interview [cawi], Computer Assisted Telephone Interview [cati]
The Agricultural Census 2020 involved six census office staff and nine enumerators. The census was conducted by post (mail-out/mail-back), CAWI, and CATI methods, according to the choice of the respondents. Information on livestock, agricultural areas, rural development, and animal housing and manure management were collected from administrative registers: IACS, bovine register, ovine register, organic farming register, and rural development measures. In addition, modelling was used for calculating the variables in the animal housing and manure management module. The statistical model was developed based on registered data from different organizations in the country.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
The Swedish Board of Agriculture follows the Generic Statistical Business Process Model (GSBPM) for the statistical production. The quality management group consists of professionals within different statistical areas (statistical methods, statistical production, and data dissemination). During statistical production, it used checklists derived from the principles laid down in the Code of Practice (COP). The GSBPM production process requires analysis and evaluation of the statistics after each delivery. Statistics are produced in accordance with the Quality Declaration of the European Statistical System (QDESS). The principles of quality are based on relevance, accuracy, timeliness and punctuality, accessibility, and clarity, as well as comparability and coherence. In accordance with the QDESS, statistics in the country are developed, produced, and disseminated based on sound methodologies, the best international standards and appropriate procedures that are transparent and well documented. For the Agricultural Census 2020, the following actions were used to minimize non-sampling errors: removal of ineligible units from the records, leaving the weights unchanged for the other units - to minimize over-coverage error; pre-testing questionnaires, explanatory notes or handbooks for enumerators or respondents, on-line FAQ or hot-line support for enumerators or respondents, and training of enumerators to minimize measurement errors; follow-up interviews, reminders, and imputation to minimize non-response errors; checks to detect errors from the scanning procedure to minimize processing errors. Standard errors were calculated, and data met the precision requirements in the Regulation (EU) 2018/1091.
Data processing
Interviewers and staff from central department carried out data validation through data format, completeness, routing, range, and relational checks; data flagging; and comparisons with previous rounds of the data collection. Data validation was conducted at the central collection center using SAS software and Microsoft Excel. Imputation was used to address item non-response considering the following methods: deductive, ratio, cold-deck using previous Farm Structure Surveys and livestock surveys as sources, random hot-deck, and previous data from for the same unit. Staff of the Statistics Division at the Swedish Board of Agriculture carried out the imputation using SAS software. For variables collected using sample enumeration, compilation was carried out using design weight adjusted for non-response.
DATA PROCESSING NOTES
Direct data capture was ensured by the CAWI and CATI method. Optical scanning of forms was used for paper questionnaires.
Data Access
Microdata can be accessed on the platform MONA (Microdata Online Access), for more information: https://www.scb.se/en/services/ordering-data-and-statistics/microdata/mona--statistics-swedens-platform-for-access-to-microdata/about-mona/
For information on the terms of access go to: https://www.scb.se/en/services/ordering-data-and-statistics/microdata/mona--statistics-swedens-platform-for-access-to-microdata/rules-and-regulations/terms-of-use/
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Statistics Division | Swedish Board of Agriculture (Jordbruksverket) | [email protected] |
Metadata production
DDI_SWE_2020_JU_v01_M_v01_A_ESS_FAO
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Statistics Division | Swedish Board of Agriculture (Jordbruksverket) | Metadata Producer | |
| Statistics Division | ESS | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations | Metadata adapted for FAM |