Agricultural Census 2023
Thailand, 2023
Identification
THA_2023_AC_v01_M_v01_A_ESS
Agricultural Census 2023
สำมะโนการเกษตร
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Thailand | THA |
Agricultural Census [ag/census]
The first Agricultural Census in Thailand was conducted in 1950, followed by the censuses carried out in 1963, 1978, 1993, 2003 and 2013. The seventh agricultural census was carried out in 2023.
The Agricultural Census 2023 collected information on the structure of the agricultural sector, which is key for designing and assessing the impact of agricultural policy and providing reliable country estimates.
Census/enumeration data [cen]
Agricultural holdings
Scope
The census scope covered agricultural activities (crop and livestock) and inland aquaculture activities. The census 2023 included also sea salt farms.
The questionnaire collected information on:
- Operational Characteristics
- Agricultural Holding Area
- Crops
- Livestock Raising
- Freshwater Aquaculture
- Sea Salt Farming
- Agricultural Machinery, Equipment, Digital Technologies, Transport Equipment, and Agricultural Applications
- Fertilizer Use, Pest Management, and Agricultural Labor
- Sources of Income, Value of Agricultural Production, and Agricultural Debt
- Members of the Agricultural Holder’s Household
- Agricultural Problems, Disasters, and Participation in Government Programs
Coverage
The Agricultural Census 2023 covered the entire country.
The statistical unit was the agricultural holding, defined as an economic unit of agricultural production (cultivating crops, rearing livestock) and aquaculture production, under single management, comprising all livestock kept, and all land used wholly or partly for agricultural production purposes, performing an agricultural activity on owned agricultural land, or on land owned by other persons, or on public land, regardless of legal permission. The holding's land could consist of one or more parcels, located in one or more separate areas; however, the land had to be in the same province.
Producers and sponsors
| Name |
|---|
| National Statistical Office of Thailand (สำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติ) |
| Name |
|---|
| Ministry of Agriculture, the Department of Agricultural Extension |
| Department of Fisheries |
| Department of Livestock Development |
| Office of Agricultural Economics |
Sampling
The Agricultural Census 2023 used a list frame constructed by linking the register Farmer One (Central Farmer Registration Database) and data from the Agricultural Census 2013. The list of enumeration areas (EA) was defined using administrative boundaries to facilitate the data collection process. Prior to collecting census data, a listing activity was carried out to check the completeness of the frame and to add new agricultural holdings.
The census was conducted by complete enumeration.
Survey instrument
Two questionnaires were used for data collection for all agricultural holdings: the Listing Form and the Enumeration Form.
The questionnaires covered 17 out of the 23 essential items recommended in the WCA 2020.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2023-05-20 | 2023-05-18 |
Reference days:
- 1 May 2023, for items referring to the identification and main characteristics of the holdings, land use, land tenure, livestock number, machinery and equipment, household composition, etc.
Reference period:
- From 1 May 2022 to 30 April 2023, for items referring to the planted area, harvested area, production and destination of production, aquaculture, sea salt farming, use of machinery and equipment, fertilizers, pesticides, labour force, disasters and participation in Government projects, etc.
- Computer Assisted Personal Interview [capi]
- Pen and Paper Interview [papi]
Census activities involved 855 academic officers, 4404 local coordinators, and 77 419 enumerators. The IT staff involved 5 system administrators, 2 database administrators, 5 network administrators and 77 IT support staff (1 for each province).
The main method used for data collection was CAPI, whereas the PAPI method was used in EAs under internet signal issues.
QUALITY ASSURANCE
A system for data collection and field management has been developed, which transfers data between field operations and online databases to verify the completeness and the accuracy of the data during the collection and can supervise and monitor operations. In addition, the system can also manage work with a large number of operators, including tracking the progress of field work in real time by displaying information in each work area on a digital map, which can track the progress of work under supervision, from the level of enumerators, coordinators in the area, academic officers, supervisors at the provincial level and in the overall picture of the country, including project administrators, which can help solve problems immediately. The NSO carried out a Post Enumeration Survey (PES), to evaluate the quality of the census data. The PES used a one stage stratified sampling design, with provinces in each region as strata. A total of 400 out of 78 145 EAs with agricultural households were selected, distributed across regions. The national under coverage rate for agricultural household was 2.43 percent.
Data processing
Direct data capture was ensured by the CAPI method. Questionnaires collected through the PAPI method were entered into a web application in areas where internet signal was strong enough. During the data collection, the system verified data recorded and notified the enumerator of the inconsistencies. Academic staff observed fieldwork of enumerators and recorded the results in the quality control form. After fieldwork, NSO carried out data processing starting with cleaning/editing that included structure checks, correctness of data recording and checks on the consistency of data including imputation of missing data using information from administrative records in certain items, when available. Once the data was cleaned and consistent, the statistical tables were processed, tabulating and verifying the reasonableness of the data in provincial, regional and national tables. Microsoft SQL and Microsoft Visual FoxPro were used for data processing.
Data Access
For additional information on data access and use, please contact the National Statistical Office of Thailand.
E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]
Website: https://www.nso.go.th/
Contacts
| Name | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| National Statistical Office of Thailand (สำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติ) | [email protected], [email protected] | https://www.nso.go.th/ |
Metadata production
DDI_THA_2023_AC_v01_M_v01_A_ESS_FAO
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| National Statistical Office of Thailand (สำนักงานสถิติแห่งชาติ) | Metadata producer | ||
| Statistics Division | ESS | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations | Metadata adapted for FAM |