National Forest Inventory, 2019.
Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2019
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Reference ID
LAO_2019_NFI_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS
Producer(s)
Forest Inventory and Planning Division (FIPD)
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Metadata
Created on
May 30, 2024
Last modified
May 30, 2024
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Identification
Survey ID Number
LAO_2019_NFI_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS
Title
National Forest Inventory, 2019.
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | LAO |
Study type
Forest resource survey
Series Information
The 1st NFI that focused on Timber Volume estimation was conducted between 1991 and 1999. For the requirements of REDD+, a new approach focusing on biomass stock measurements and NTFP observation was developed and tested in 2015. The 2nd NFI took place in 2016-2017 and the results were used for the establishment of the Lao FREL/REL. It was implemented by the Forest Inventory and Planning Division (FIPD) of the Department of Forestry (DOF) within the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF), triggered to report REDD+ under the UNFCCC.
Abstract
The objectives of the 3rd NFI are first to update the emission factors for the five natural forest classes (Evergreen Forest, Mixed Deciduous Forest, Dry Dipterocarp Forest, Coniferous Forest, and Mixed Conifer and Broadleaf forests) used for the first Lao national MRV and second to measure the carbon emission caused by selective logging and assess the impact of PM 15 with the stump data collection. The main target of the survey was to measure the forest carbon, however, other information, such as observed disturbances and NTFP (Non-Timber Forest Products) were also recorded. The 3rd NFI was conducted by following the Standard Operation Procedures (SOP) Manual for Terrestrial Carbon Measurement which was updated after the 2nd NFI. The updated SOP essentially improves the previous SOP without changes to the underlying technical methodology. The 3rd NFI involved also a Quality Control (QC) survey conducted by a separate team of more experienced FIPD staff to re-measure more than 10% of the total number of survey plots (i.e., 47 plots out of the total 415 plots). The QC survey plots were distributed to secure a minimum 10% for each forest class at the national level. The QC survey followed the same methods with the main survey.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Fields/plots
Scope
Notes
The scope of the 3rd NFI is limited to natural forest classes, and excludes forest plantations, due to the relatively small expanse and availability of applicable IPCC default factors for biomass estimation for the purpose of REDD+ results estimation. Bamboo and Regenerating Vegetation classes which fall outside the national forest definition of “current forest” (stand DBH: minimum of 10cm, crown density: minimum of 20%, area: minimum of 0.5ha) were also excluded. Although Bamboo was measured in 2nd NFI as one of the components of the AGB for the surveyed forest classes. The biomass of Regenerating Vegetation was separately surveyed in the “2nd RV Survey”. See DOF, et al. (2018). Update survey of a Lao specific biomass prediction model for regenerating vegetation and confirmation of the threshold number of years since abandonment, as Regenerating Vegetation, before becoming current forest.
Topics
| Topic |
|---|
| National Forest Inventory |
Keywords
| Keyword |
|---|
| Forest |
| Carbon |
| Tree biomass |
| Tree volume |
| Deadwood |
| Land use |
| Canopy cover |
| Tree biodiversity |
| Forest production |
| Land cover |
| Forest fire evidence |
| Non-timber forest products |
| Random sampling |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
National Coverage
Universe
Trees and standing dead wood >10 cm DBH (diameter at breast height) were surveyed only in the five natural forest classes.
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Forest Inventory and Planning Division (FIPD) | Department of Forestry (DOF), Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Food and Agriculture Organization | Technical assistance in data dissemination |
| Winrock | Revision of the SOP |
| Forest Carbon | Preparation and monitoring of the survey |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sustainable Forest Management and REDD+ Support Project (F-REDD) Sustainable Forest Management and REDD+ Support Project (F-REDD) Sustainable Forest Management and REDD+ Support Project | F-REDD | Financial Support |
| Japan International Cooperation Agency | JICA | Financial Support |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The sampling strategy is a two-stages stratified random sampling with floating clustered plots and nested subplots design. Primary Sampling Units (PSU) were 3 km width squares. Within each PSU, 4 circular plots of 20 m radius were measured (Secondary sampling units, SSUs). All lands were stratified in 5 forest type-based strata. A 3 km width square grid was laid out on the country map and within each square (i.e., PSU), an anchor plot, i.e., SSU, was located randomly in one of the forest strata. Up to 9 additional plots were randomly located within 300 m (but not closer than 75 m) of the anchor plot in forest lands for the field teams to be able to find 3 additional measurable plots. Within each plot all living trees, standing deadwood and stumps were measured in nested subplots. Small trees (diameter at breast height, DBH, less than 30 cm) were measured in 6 m radius subplot, medium trees (DBH between 30 and 50 cm) in 15 m radius plots, and large trees (DBH bigger than or equal to 50 cm) in 20 m radius subplots.
Deviations from the Sample Design
Given the particularities behind the design, where only 359 out of 415 originally designed plots ended up accounting for the sampling universe, it is considered that 13.5% of the plots constituted a deviation from the original design.
Response Rate
Out of the 415 plots originally included, only 359 were finally within forests. Hence 86.5% response rate can be considered.
Weighting
Sample weights per stratum and on a per ha basis were determined according to area expansion factors (regarding a reference 0.126 ha. total area per SSU). Hence, they are given as: Weight of DBH ≥ 50 cm circular plot measured trees: 1 ha/0,126 ha = 7.96; Weight of 49.9 ≥ DBH ≥ 30 cm circular plot measured trees and regeneration: 1 ha/0.071 ha = 14.15; Weight of 29.9 ≥ DBH ≥ 10 cm circular plot trees measured: 1 ha/.011 ha = 88.42.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2019-01 | 2019-04 |
Data Collection Mode
Field measurement [field]
Data Collection Notes
Data Collection in field:
During all data collection in the field, the crew member responsible for recording must repeat all measurements called by the crew member conducting the measurement. This is to ensure the measurement call was acknowledged and that proper number is recorded on the data sheet. In addition, all data sheets should include a ‘Data recorded by’ field with the name of the crew member responsible for recording data. If any confusion exists, the transcribers will know which crew member to contact.
After data is collected at each plot and before the crew leaves the plot, the crew leader shall double check to make sure that all data are correctly and completely filled. The crew leader must ensure the data recorded matches with field conditions, for instance, by verifying the number of trees recorded.
• Data sheet checks:
After data sheets have been validated by crew leaders, the data entry process can commence. When using tablet-based data collection methods, a significant degree of data sheet checks is automatically integrated into the electronic forms. Data parameter limits are integrated into the electronic form to prevent erroneous entries being entered (for e.g., a DBH of 1000cm instead of 100.0cm) or data entries being missed (the electronic form will not allow you to progress unless certain data parameters have been entered into the form. Nevertheless, the team leader should re-check data entered into the forms before being submitted to the cloud server.
• Field data collection Hot Checks:
After the training of field crews has been completed, observations of each field crew and each crew member should be made. A lead coordinator shall observe each field crew member during data collection of a field plot to verify measurement processes and correct any errors in techniques. It is recommended that the crew chiefs switch to a different crew to ensure data collection procedures are consistent across all field crews. Any errors or misunderstandings should be explained and corrected. These types of checks should be repeated throughout the field measurement campaign to make sure incorrect measurement techniques have not started to take place.
• Data Entry quality control check:
This step is not necessary is making using of tablet-based data collection methods as the data is automatically collected and collated into tab delimited files in the cloud server.
• Data storage in the field
In the field one person (the Team Leader) is responsible for carrying, operating and recording field data into an Android-based tablet computer. The tablet and data collection form automatically record many types of data, including data collection start/stop time, GPS position and other features of the data collection process. Once the field team had finished the plot, the tablet automatically sent data to the cloud-based data aggregation server or any other server designated by the inventory team.
• Data storage in the office
Once the field team returned to the office or laboratory, data were downloaded from the server in all available formats (.xlsx, .csv, .pdf) and stored electronically. Specific details can be found in the Lao PDR National Forest Inventory Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Manual for Terrestrial Carbon Measurement, available in the documentation.
During all data collection in the field, the crew member responsible for recording must repeat all measurements called by the crew member conducting the measurement. This is to ensure the measurement call was acknowledged and that proper number is recorded on the data sheet. In addition, all data sheets should include a ‘Data recorded by’ field with the name of the crew member responsible for recording data. If any confusion exists, the transcribers will know which crew member to contact.
After data is collected at each plot and before the crew leaves the plot, the crew leader shall double check to make sure that all data are correctly and completely filled. The crew leader must ensure the data recorded matches with field conditions, for instance, by verifying the number of trees recorded.
• Data sheet checks:
After data sheets have been validated by crew leaders, the data entry process can commence. When using tablet-based data collection methods, a significant degree of data sheet checks is automatically integrated into the electronic forms. Data parameter limits are integrated into the electronic form to prevent erroneous entries being entered (for e.g., a DBH of 1000cm instead of 100.0cm) or data entries being missed (the electronic form will not allow you to progress unless certain data parameters have been entered into the form. Nevertheless, the team leader should re-check data entered into the forms before being submitted to the cloud server.
• Field data collection Hot Checks:
After the training of field crews has been completed, observations of each field crew and each crew member should be made. A lead coordinator shall observe each field crew member during data collection of a field plot to verify measurement processes and correct any errors in techniques. It is recommended that the crew chiefs switch to a different crew to ensure data collection procedures are consistent across all field crews. Any errors or misunderstandings should be explained and corrected. These types of checks should be repeated throughout the field measurement campaign to make sure incorrect measurement techniques have not started to take place.
• Data Entry quality control check:
This step is not necessary is making using of tablet-based data collection methods as the data is automatically collected and collated into tab delimited files in the cloud server.
• Data storage in the field
In the field one person (the Team Leader) is responsible for carrying, operating and recording field data into an Android-based tablet computer. The tablet and data collection form automatically record many types of data, including data collection start/stop time, GPS position and other features of the data collection process. Once the field team had finished the plot, the tablet automatically sent data to the cloud-based data aggregation server or any other server designated by the inventory team.
• Data storage in the office
Once the field team returned to the office or laboratory, data were downloaded from the server in all available formats (.xlsx, .csv, .pdf) and stored electronically. Specific details can be found in the Lao PDR National Forest Inventory Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) Manual for Terrestrial Carbon Measurement, available in the documentation.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Field measurement error estimation: A total of 13% of the clusters were remeasured as part of the Quality Control (QC). Where clustered tree-plots were used, all tree-plots within a selected cluster were measured. All trees were remeasured in each plot. Field crews taking measurements were not aware of which plots were remeasured whenever possible. The QC results showed no significant difference with the initial measurements (p-values > 0.05).
Non-response: no corrections were implemented for the 13.54% non-response rate.
Non-sampling error is considered negligeable as a 13% of plots remeasured showed no significant difference with the field measurements. Sampling error is estimated to 5-14 % of the resulting Carbon stock estimates depending on the strata.
Non-response: no corrections were implemented for the 13.54% non-response rate.
Non-sampling error is considered negligeable as a 13% of plots remeasured showed no significant difference with the field measurements. Sampling error is estimated to 5-14 % of the resulting Carbon stock estimates depending on the strata.
Access policy
Confidentiality
The confidentiality conditions will be based on the external repository.
Access conditions
Data available from an external repository. The data access conditions will be based on the conditions of the external repository.
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI_LAO_2019_NFI_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS_FAO
Producers
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Oluwakayode Anidi | Food and Agriculture Organization | Metadata adapted for FAM |
DDI Document version
LAO_2019_NFI_v01_EN_M_v01_A_ESS_v01